Abstract
Although the terahertz frequency range covers wavelengths from around 30 μm to 3 mm, terahertz sensing can provide unique information on materials and processes occurring at much shorter length scales, even down to the nanometre range. New developments in the terahertz part of the spectrum are enabling unprecedented sub-wavelength resolution, novel devices for imaging, spectroscopy, sensing and telecommunications, new techniques for characterizing nano-materials and increased understanding of fundamental biological processes. Additionally, there are strong parallels between terahertz optics and nano-optics. After briefly describing techniques for the generation, detection and manipulation of terahertz radiation, this chapter will review recent developments in the terahertz sensing of nanoscale structures.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Preu, S., Döhler, G. H., Malzer, S., Wang, L. J., & Gossard, A. C. (2011). Tunable, continuous-wave terahertz photomixer sources and applications. Journal of Applied Physics, 109, 06130.
Martin, D. H. (1982). Polarizing (Martin-Puplett) interferometric spectrometers for the near- and submillimeter spectra. In Infrared and millimeter waves (Systems and components, Vol. 6, pp. 66–149). New York: Academic.
Birch, J. R., & Parker, T. J. (1979). Dispersive fourier transform spectrometry. In K. J. Button (Ed.), Infrared and millimeter waves (Instrumentation, Vol. 2, pp. 137–271). Orlando: Academic.
Martin, D. H., & Bowen, J. W. (1993). Long-wave optics. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 41(10), 1676–1690.
Beard, M. C., Turner, G. M., & Schmuttenmaer, C. A. (2002). Terahertz spectroscopy. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 106, 7146–7159.
Joyce, H. J., Docherty, C. J., Gao, Q., Tan, H. H., Jagadish, C., Lloyd-Hughes, J., Herz, L. M., & Johnston, M. B. (2013). Electronic properties of GaAs, InAs and InP nanowires studied by terahertz spectroscopy. Nanotechnology, 24, 214006.
Baxter, J. B., & Schmuttenmaer, C. A. (2006). Conductivity of ZnO nanowires, nanoparticles, and thin films using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 110, 25229–25239.
Lloyd-Hughes, J., & Jeon, T.-I. (2012). A review of the terahertz conductivity of bulk and nano-materials. Journal of Infrared Millimeter and Terahertz Waves, 33, 871–925.
Jung, G. B., Myung, Y., Cho, Y. J., Sohn, Y. J., Jang, D. M., Kim, H. S., Lee, C.-W., Park, J., Maeng, I., Son, J.-H., & Kang, C. (2010). Terahertz spectroscopy of nanocrystal-carbon nanotube and -graphene oxide hybrid nanostructures. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 114, 11258–11265.
Parkinson, P., Joyce, H. J., Gao, Q., Tan, H. H., Zhang, X., Zou, J., Jagadish, C., Herz, L. M., & Johnston, M. B. (2009). Carrier lifetime and mobility enhancement in nearly defect-free core-shell nanowires measured using time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy. Nano Letters, 9, 3349–3353.
Strait, J. H., George, P. A., Levendorf, M., Blood-Forsythe, M., Rana, F., & Park, J. (2009). Measurements of the carrier dynamics and terahertz response of oriented germanium nanowires using optical-pump terahertz-probe spectroscopy. Nano Letters, 9, 2967–2972.
Leitner, D. M., Gruebele, M., & Havenith, M. (2008). Solvation dynamics of biomolecules: Modeling and terahertz experiments. HFSP Journal, 2, 314–323.
Ebbinghaus, S., Kim, S. J., Heyden, M., Yu, X., Gruebele, M., Leitner, D. M., & Havenith, M. (2008). Protein sequence- and pH-dependent hydration probed by terahertz spectroscopy. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 130, 2374–2375.
Haring Bolivar, P., Nagel, M., Richter, F., Brucherseifer, M., Kurz, H., Bosserhoff, A., & Büttner, R. (2004). Label-free THz sensing of genetic sequences: Towards ‘THz biochips’. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series A, 362, 323–335.
Debus, C. (2013). A high-sensitivity THz-sensing technology for DNA detection with split-ring resonator based biochips. PhD thesis, University of Siegen, Germany.
Mitrofanov, O., Lee, M., Hsu, J., Brener, I., Harel, R., Federici, J., Wynn, J., Pfeiffer, L., & West, K. (2001). Collection-mode near-field imaging with 0.5-THz pulses. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 7(4), 600–607.
TeraSpike, Protemics, GmbH, Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany. www.protemics.com. Accessed 7 Oct 2016.
Rusina, A., Durach, M., Nelson, K. A., & Stockman, M. I. (2008). Nanoconcentration of terahertz radiation in plasmonic waveguides. Optics Express, 16, 18576.
Zhan, H., Mendis, R., & Mittleman, D. M. (2010). Superfocusing terahertz waves below lambda/250 using plasmonic parallel-plate waveguides. Optics Express, 18, 9643–9650.
Huber, A. J., Keilmann, F., Wittborn, J., Aizpurua, J., & Hillenbrand, R. (2008). Terahertz near-field nanoscopy of mobile carriers in single semiconductor nanodevices. Nano Letters, 8, 3766–3770.
Ma, Y., Huang, M., Ryu, S., Bark, C. W., Eom, C.-B., Irvin, P., & Levy, J. (2013). Broadband terahertz generation and detection at 10 nm scale. Nano Letters, 13, 2884–2888.
Cocker, T. L., Jelic, V., Gupta, M., Molesky, S. J., Burgess, J. A. J., De Los, R. G., Titova, L. V., Tsui, Y. Y., Freeman, M. R., & Hegmann, F. A. (2013). An ultrafast terahertz scanning tunnelling microscope. Nature Photonics, 7, 620–625.
Park, H.-R., Ahn, K. J., Han, S., Bahk, Y.-M., Park, N., & Kim, D.-S. (2013). Colossal absorption of molecules inside single terahertz nanoantennas. Nano Letters, 13, 1782–1786.
Balasubramaniam, S., & Kangasharju, J. (2013). Realizing the internet of nano things: Challenges, solutions, and applications. Computer, 46(2), 62–68.
Akyildiz, I. F., & Jornet, J. M. (2010). Electromagnetic wireless nanosensor networks. Nano Communication Networks, 1, 3–19.
Jornet, J. M., & Akyildiz, I. F. (2013). Graphene-based plasmonic nano-antenna for terahertz band communication in nanonetworks. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications/Supplement – Part 2, 31(12), 685–694.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bowen, J.W. (2017). Terahertz Sensing at the Nanoscale. In: Di Bartolo, B., Collins, J., Silvestri, L. (eds) Nano-Optics: Principles Enabling Basic Research and Applications. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0850-8_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-0850-8_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-024-0848-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-024-0850-8
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)