Abstract
Environmental pollution emergency of heavy metals has posed serious ecological risks in China. However, local emergency water quality standards (WQSs) are not yet established. In the present study, local ecotoxicity data of six heavy metals, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Hg2+ and Cr6+, were collected and screened. The suitability of four species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methods assumed to be used to derive the WQSs was evaluated by data analysis. Then, the methodology of emergency WQSs was established with the principles of SSD and ecological risk assessment, and the tiered emergency WQSs values of the six heavy metals were derived with the established methodology. Finally, a case analysis was demonstrated with the developed cadmium emergency WQSs and risk grade definition. The results may provide technical references for response to environmental pollution emergency.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aldenberg T, Solb W (1993) Confidence limits for hazardous concentrations based on logistically distributed NOEC toxicity data. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 25(1):48–63
ANZECC, ARMCANZ (2000) Australia and New Zealand guidelines for fresh and marine water quality. Australia and New Zealand Environmental and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand, Canberra
CCME (1991) A protocol for the derivation of water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg
CCME (2007) A protocol for the derivation of water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg
ECB (2003) Technical guidance document on risk assessment in support of commission directive 93/67/EEC on risk assessment on new notified substances. Commission regulation (EC) No. 1488/94 on risk assessment for existing substances and directive 98/8/EC of the European parliament and of the council concerning the placing of biocidal products on the market. Part II. Environmental risk assessment. European Chemicals Bureau, European Commission Joint Research Center, European Comminities, Ispra, Italy
Hose GC, Van den Brink PJ (2004) Confirming the species sensitivity distribution concept for endosulfan using laboratory, mesocosm, and field data. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 47(4):511–520
Jin XW, Lei BL, Xu YP, Zha JM, Wang ZJ (2009) Methodologies for deriving water quality criteria to protect aquatic life (ALC) and proposal for development of ALC in China: a review. Asian J Ecotoxicol 4(5):609–616
National Technical Advisory Committee to the Secretary of the Interior (1968) Water quality criteria. US Government Printing Office, Washington DC
OECD (1992) Report of the OECD workshop on the extrapolation of laboratory aquatic toxicity data to the real environment. OECD environment monograph no. 59. OECD, Paris
Posthuma L, Suter GW II, Traas TP (2002) Species sensitivity distributions in ecotoxicology. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton
Shcheglov VV, Moiseichenko GV, Kovekovdova LT (1990) Effect of copper and zinc on embryos, larvae and adult individuals of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotusintermedius and the sea cucumber Stichopusjaponicus. Biol. Morya (Vladivost.) 3:55–58
Sloof W (1992) RIVM documents. Ecotoxicological effect assessment: deriving maximum tolerable concentrations (MTCs) from single-species toxicity data. RIVM Report No. 719102018. RIVM Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Traas TP (2001) Guidance document on deriving environmental risk limits. Report No. 601501012. Bilthoven, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands
USEPA (1985) Guidelines for deriving numerical national water quality criteria for the protection of aquatic organisms and their uses. PB 85-227049. USEPA, Springfield; NTIS, Washington DC
USEPA (2009) National recommended water quality criteria. USEPA, Washington DC
USEPA (1994) Water quality standards handbook. USEPA, Washington DC
Van Vlaardingen PLA, Verbruggen EMJ (2007) Guidance for the derivation of environmental risk limits within the framework of ‘international and national environmental quality standards for substances in the Netherlands’ (INS). Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
Van Vlaardingen PLA, Traas TP, Wintersen AM, Aldenberg T (2004) ETX2.0—a program to calculate hazardous concentration and fraction affected, based on normally distributed toxicity data. Report 601501028. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Wheeler JR, Grist EPM, Leung KMY, Morritt D, Crane M (2002) Species sensitivity distributions: data and model choice. Mar Pollut Bull 45:192–202
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Yan, Z., Zheng, X., Zhang, J., Liu, Z. (2015). Development of Emergency Water Quality Standard for Typical Heavy Metals with Chinese Resident Ecotoxicity Data. In: Yan, Z., Liu, Z. (eds) Toxic Pollutants in China. SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9795-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9795-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-017-9794-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-9795-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)