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Epigenetics Territory and Cancer pp 167–201Cite as

Exploring ATM and Methylation in Cancer: Emphasizing on Brain Tumors

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Abstract

Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) molecule governs one of the major cellular DNA repair pathway and is found to be crucial to inhibit cancer progression. Herein, after introducing the basic description about the ATM gene, its protein structure and functions, then we will discuss about the role of ATM gene aberrations in various types of cancers. It will be explained that some overlaps between Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) patient and some other metabolic disorders relying on the importance of ATM gene mutations in the pathogenesis of AT disease. Finally, the spectrum of ATM promoter methyltion in different types of cancers will be provided.

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Abbreviations

AFP::

α-feto protein

ALL::

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AT::

Ataxia telangiectasia

ATM::

Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated

ATR::

ATM- and RAD3-related

ATRIP::

ATR interacting protein

BASC::

BRCA1 associated surveillance complex

B-CLL::

B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia

BNHL::

B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas

Cdk5::

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5

CtIP::

C-terminal binding protein interacting protein

DDB::

DNA double strand break

DLBCL::

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

DNA-PKcs::

DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit

DNMT1::

DNA methyltransferase 1

4E-BP1::

eIF-4E-binding protein 1

EGC::

Early gastric cancer

ESR1::

Estrogen receptor 1

FAT::

FRAP-ATM-TRRAP

FATC::

FAT-C-terminal

FCL::

Follicular center cell lymphoma

GBM::

Glioblastoma multiform

G-CIMP::

Glioma-CpG island methylator phenotype

G6PD::

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

HR::

Homologous recombination

HP1::

Heterochromatin protein 1

HIF::

Hypoxia induced factor

H2O2::

Hydrogen peroxide

HD::

Hodgkin’s diseases

HG-IEN::

High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia

HNPCC::

Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer

KAP-1::

KRAB associated protein 1

KD::

Kinase domains

LOH::

Loss of heterozygousity

3’UTR::

3’ untranslated region

m-TOR::

Mammalian target of rapamycin

MASA::

Mutant allele-specific PCR amplification

MCL::

Mantle cell lymphoma

MPF::

Metaphase promoting factor

MRX::

Mre11–Rad50–Xrs2

MSI::

Microsatellite instability

mTORC1::

mTOR complex 1

NADPH::

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate

NHEJ::

Non-homologous end-joining

NSCLC::

Non-small cell lung cancer

PIKKs::

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinases

PPP::

Pentose phosphate pathway

pRb::

Retinoblastoma protein

PRD::

PIKK-regulatory domain

Q-FISH::

Quantitative Fluorescence in situ hybridization

TDP1::

Tyrosyl phosphodiesterase 1

TL::

Telomere length

T-PLL::

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia

TMPRSS2::

ERG: transmembrane protease/serine subfamily member 2: estrogen-regulated genes

Real time PCR::

Real time polymerization chain reaction

RNS::

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS::

Reactive oxygen species

SFN::

Stratifin

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    Prof. Dr. Parvin Mehdipour & Fatemeh Karami

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    Parvin Mehdipour

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Mehdipour, P., Karami, F. (2015). Exploring ATM and Methylation in Cancer: Emphasizing on Brain Tumors. In: Mehdipour, P. (eds) Epigenetics Territory and Cancer. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9639-2_6

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