A Centroid-GPS Model to Improving Positioning Accuracy for a Sensitive Location-Based System

Abstract

This paper proposes a centroid global positioning system (GPS) model to improve the positioning accuracy of low-cost GPS receivers of a sensitive location-based system. The proposed model estimates the precise movement position by a centroid sum of the individual improved positions of three GPS receivers. Each GPS receiver’s position is improved by using a direction and velocity averaging technique based on combining the vehicle movement direction, velocity averaging, and distance between the waypoints of each GPS receiver using coordinate data (latitude, longitude, time, and velocity). Finally, the precise position is estimated by calculating a triangular centroid sum with distance threshold of the improved positions of three GPS receivers. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we used three GARMIN GPS 19x HVS receivers attached to a car and plotted the processed data in Google map. The proposed approach resulted in an improved accuracy of about 2–12 m compared to the original GPS receivers. In addition, we compared the proposed approach to two other state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms the conventional methods in terms of positioning accuracy.