Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Friendship and Happiness in Adolescence

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Friendship and Happiness

Abstract

Despite both significant attention to the contributions of adolescents’ friendships to their adjustment and considerable research on the role of close relationships in adults’ happiness, happiness has rarely been considered as an antecedent or consequence of adolescents’ experiences with their friends. This chapter reviews the literature on associations between friendship and three components of happiness in adolescence—life satisfaction, the presence of positive affect, and the absence of negative affect. Having friends, friendship quality, and the characteristics of friends are most clearly linked with the negative affect dimension of happiness, specifically loneliness and depression. Nevertheless, there are positive associations between various aspects of friendship experiences and positive affect and life satisfaction. We suggest several directions for future research to further elucidate the connections between these developmentally significant relationships and adolescents’ subjective well-being.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Argyle, M. (2001). The psychology of happiness. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S. R., & Paquette, J. A. (2003). Loneliness and peer relations in childhood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12, 75–78. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.01233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asher, S. R., Parkhurst, J. T., Hymel, S., & Williams, G. A. (1990). Peer rejection and loneliness in childhood. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 253–273). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagwell, C. L., & Schmidt, M. E. (2011). Friendships in childhood and adolescence. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagwell, C. L., Newcomb, A. F., & Bukowski, W. M. (1998). Preadolescent friendship and peer rejection as predictors of adult adjustment. Child Development, 69, 140–153. doi:10.2307/1132076.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497–529. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11, 7–10. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berndt, T. J. (2004). Children’s friendships: Shifts over a half-century in perspectives on their development and their effects. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 50, 206–223. doi:10.1353/mpq.2004.0014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, M., Hymel, S., & Bukowski, W. M. (1995). The roles of social withdrawal, peer rejection, and victimization by peers in predicting loneliness and depressed mood in childhood. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 765–785. doi:10.1017/S0954579400006830.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowker, J. C., & Spencer, S. V. (2010). Friendship and adjustment: A focus on mixed-grade friendships. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 1318–1329. doi:10.1007/s10964-009-9474-0.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brannan, D., Biswas-Diener, R., Mohr, C. D., Mortazavi, S., & Stein, N. (2013). Friends and family: A cross-cultural investigation of social support and subjective well-being among college students. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 8, 65–75. doi:10.1080/17439760.2012.743573.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brendgen, M., Vitaro, F., Turgeon, L., & Poulin, F. (2002). Assessing aggressive and depressed children’s social relations with classmates and friends: A matter of perspective. Journal of Abnormal and Child Psychology, 30(6), 609–624. doi:10.1023/A:1020863730902.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brendgen, M., Lamarche, V., Wanner, B., & Vitaro, F. (2010). Links between friendship relations and early adolescents’ trajectories of depressed mood. Developmental Psychology, 46, 491–501. doi:10.1037/a0017413.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buhrmester, D. (1996). Need fulfillment, interpersonal competence, and the developmental contexts of early adolescent friendship. In W. M. Bukowski, A. F. Newcomb, & W. W. Hartup (Eds.), The company they keep: Friendship in childhood and adolescence (pp. 158–185). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buhrmester, D., & Furman, W. (1987). The development of companionship and intimacy. Child Development, 58, 1101–1113. doi:10.2307/1130550.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bukowski, W. M. (2001). Friendship and the worlds of childhood. In D. W. Nangle & C. A. Erdley (Eds.), The role of friendship in psychological adjustment (pp. 93–105). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukowski, W. M., Hoza, B., & Boivin, M. (1993). Popularity, friendship, and emotional adjustment during early adolescence. In B. Laursen (Ed.), Close friendships in adolescence (pp. 23–37). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukowski, W. M., Hoza, B., & Boivin, M. (1994). Measuring friendship quality during pre- and early adolescence: The development and psychometric properties of the friendship qualities scale. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 11, 471–484. doi:10.1177/0265407594113011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukowski, W. M., Adams, R. E., & Santo, J. B. (2006). Recent advances in the study of development, social and personal experience, and psychopathology. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 30, 26–30. doi:10.1177/0165025406059970.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burk, W. J., & Laursen, B. (2005). Adolescent perceptions of friendship and associations with individual adjustment. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 29, 156–164. doi:10.1080/01650250444000342.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chaplin, L. N. (2009). Please may I have a bike? Better yet, may I have a hug? An examination of children’s and adolescents’ happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10, 541–562. doi:10.1007/s10902-008-9108-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, H., & Furnham, A. (2002). Personality, peer relations, and self-confidence as predictors of happiness and loneliness. Journal of Adolescence, 25, 327–339. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00078-8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Csikszentmihalyi, M., & Hunter, J. (2003). Happiness in everyday life: The uses of experience sampling. Journal of Happiness Studies, 4, 185–199. doi:10.1023/A:1024409732742.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 227–268. doi:10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demir, M. (2010). Close relationships and happiness among emerging adults. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11, 293–313. doi:10.1007/s10902-009-9141-x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demir, M., Orthel, H., & Andelin, A. K. (2013). Friendship and happiness. In S. A. David, I. Boniwell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 860–870). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Demir, M., & Özdemir, M. (2010). Friendship, need satisfaction and happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 11, 243–259. doi:10.1007/s10902-009-9138-5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demir, M., & Urberg, K. A. (2004). Friendship and adjustment among adolescents. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 88, 68–82. doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2004.02.006.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dew, T., & Huebner, E. S. (1994). Adolescents’ perceived quality of life: An exploratory investigation. Journal of School Psychology, 32, 185–199. doi:10.1016/0022-4405(94)90010-8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Erath, S. A., Flanagan, K. S., Bierman, K. L., & Tu, K. M. (2010). Friendships moderate psychosocial maladjustment in socially anxious early adolescents. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31, 15–26. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2009.05.005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fowler, J. H., & Christakis, N. A. (2008). Dynamic spread of happiness in a large social network: Longitudinal analysis over 20 years in the Framingham Heart Study. British Medical Journal, 337:a2338. doi:10.1136/bmj.a2338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Furman, W., & Buhrmester, D. (1985). Children’s perceptions of the personal relationships in their social networks. Developmental Psychology, 21, 1016–1024. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.21.6.1016.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giletta, M., Scholte, R. H., Burk, W. J., Engels, R. C., Larsen, J. K., Prinstein, M. J., et al. (2011). Similarity in depressive symptoms in adolescents’ friendship dyads: Selection or socialization? Developmental Psychology, 47, 1804–1814. doi:10.1037/a0023872.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gilman, R., & Huebner, E. S. (2006). Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 311–319. doi:10.1007/s10964-006-9036-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goswami, H. (2012). Social relationships and children’s subjective well-being. Social Indicators Research, 107, 575–588. doi:10.1007/s11205-011-9864-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Granic, I., & Dishion, T. J. (2003). Deviant talk in adolescent friendships: A step toward measuring a pathogenic attractor process. Social Development, 12, 314–334. doi:10.1111/1467-9507.00236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hafner, K. (26. May 2009). Texting may be taking a toll. New York Times, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammen, C. (2006). Stress generation in depression: Reflections on origins, research, and future directions. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 1065–1082. doi:10.1002/jclp.20293.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hartup, W. W. (1993). Adolescents and their friends. In B. Laursen (Ed.), Close friendships in adolescence (pp. 3–22). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartup, W. W. (1996). The company they keep: Friendships and their developmental significance. Child Development, 67, 1–13. doi:10.2307/1131681.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hodges, E. V. E., Boivin, M., Vitaro, F., & Bukowski, W. M. (1999). The power of friendship: Protection against an escalating cycle of peer victimization. Developmental Psychology, 35, 94–101. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.1.94.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holder, M. D., & Coleman, B. (2008). The contribution of temperament, popularity, and physical appearance to children’s happiness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 9, 279–302. doi:10.1007/s10902-007-9052-7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoza, B., Bukowski, W. M., & Beery, S. (2000). Assessing peer network and dyadic loneliness. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 119–128. doi:10.1207/S15374424jccp2901_12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huebner, E. S. (1991). Initial development of the student’s life satisfaction scale. School Psychology International, 12, 231–240. doi:10.1177/0143034391123010.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huebner, E. S. (1994). Preliminary development and validation of a multidimensional life satisfaction scale for children. Psychological Assessment, 6, 149–158. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.6.2.149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huebner, E. S., & Diener, C. (2008). Research on life satisfaction of children and youth: Implications for the delivery of school-related services. In M. Eid & R. J. Larsen (Eds.), The science of subjective well-being (pp. 376–392). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hussong, A. M. (2000). Perceived peer context and adolescent adjustment. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 10, 391–415. doi:10.1207/SJRA1004_02.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, H. D. (2004). Gender, grade, and relationship differences in emotional closeness within adolescent friendships. Adolescence, 39, 243–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, J., & Lee, J. R. (2011). The Facebook paths to happiness: Effects of the number of Facebook friends and self-presentation on subjective well-being. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14, 359–364. doi:10.1089/cyber.2010.0374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kingery, J. N., Erdley, C. A., & Marshall, K. C. (2011). Peer acceptance and friendship as predictors of early adolescents’ adjustment across the middle school transition. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 57, 215–243. doi:10.1353/mpq.2011.0012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kipp, L. E., & Weiss, M. R. (2012). Social influences, psychological need satisfaction, and well-being among female adolescent gymnasts. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 2, 62–75. doi:10.1037/a0030236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kochel, K.P., Ladd, G.W., & Rudolph, K.D. (2012). Longitudinal associations among youth depressive symptoms, peer victimization, and low peer acceptance: An interpersonal process perspective. Child Development, 83, 637–650. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01722.x.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • La Greca, A. M., & Harrison, H. M. (2005). Adolescent peer relations, friendships, and romantic relationships: Do they predict social anxiety and depression? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 49–61. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3401_5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ladd, G. W. (2005). Children’s peer relations and social competence: A century of progress. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, R. W. (2001). How U.S. children and adolescents spent time: What it does (and doesn’t) tell us about their development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10, 160–164. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.00139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larson, R., & Richards, M. H. (1991). Daily companionship in late childhood and early adolescence: Changing developmental contexts. Child Development, 62, 284–300. doi:10.2307/1131003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. E., & Dyrenforth, P. S. (2006). Does the existence of social relationships matter for subjective well-being? In K. D. Vohs & E. J. Finkel (Eds.), Self and relationships: Connecting intrapersonal and interpersonal processes (pp. 254–273). New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, R. E., Dyrenforth, P. S., & Diener, E. (2008). Four myths about subjective well-being. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 2001–2015. doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00140.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803–855. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Magen, Z. (1998). Exploring adolescent happiness: Commitment, purpose, and fulfillment. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin, K. M., & Huebner, E. S. (2007). Peer victimization and prosocial experiences and emotional well-being of middle school students. Psychology in the Schools, 44, 199–208. doi:10.1002/pits.20216.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, K. M., Huebner, E. S., & Valois, R. F. (2008). Does life satisfaction predict victimization experiences in adolescence? Psychology in the Schools, 45, 705–714. doi:10.1002/pits.20336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miao, F. F., Koo, M., & Oishi, S. (2013). Subjective well-being. In S. A. David, I. Boniwell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 174–184). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgan, M. L., Vera, E. M., Gonzales, R. R., Conner, W., Vacek, K. B., & Coyle, L. D. (2011). Subjective well-being in urban adolescents: Interpersonal, individual, and community influences. Youth and Society, 43, 609–634. doi:10.1177/0044118X09353517.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nangle, D. W., Erdley, C. A., Newman, J. E., Mason, C. A., & Carpenter, E. M. (2003). Popularity, friendship quantity, and friendship quality: Interactive influences on children’s loneliness and depression. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 546–555. doi:10.1207/S15374424JCCP3204_7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Newcomb, A. F., & Bagwell, C. L. (1995). Children’s friendship relations: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 306–347. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nussbaum, M. C. (2011). Creating capabilities: The human development approach. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1993). Friendship and friendship quality in middle childhood: Links with peer acceptance and feelings of loneliness and social dissatisfaction. Developmental Psychology, 29, 611–621. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.4.611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, J. G., Saxon, J. l., Asher, S. R., & Kovacs, D. M. (1999). Dimensions of children’s friendship adjustment: Implications for understanding loneliness. In K. J. Rotenberg & S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence (pp. 201–221). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Parkhurst, J. T., & Hopmeyer, A. (1999). Developmental change in the sources of loneliness in childhood and adolescence: Constructing a theoretical model. In K. J. Rotenberg & S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence (pp. 56–79). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2013). Happiness experienced: The science of subjective well-being. In S. A. David, I. Boniwell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 134–151). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedersen, S., Vitaro, F., Barker, E. D., & Borge, A. I. H. (2007). The timing of middle-childhood peer rejection and friendship: Linking early behavior to early-adolescent adjustment. Child Development, 78, 1037–1051. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01051.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prinstein, M. J. (2007). Moderators of peer contagion: A longitudinal examination of depression socialization between adolescents and their best friends. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36, 159–170. doi:10.1080/15374410701274934.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prinstein, M. J., Borelli, J. L., Cheah, C S. L., Simon, V. A., & Aikins, J. W. (2005). Adolescent girls’ interpersonal vulnerability to depressive symptoms: A longitudinal examination of reassurance-seeking and peer relationships. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(4), 676–688. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.114.4.676.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Renshaw, P. D., & Brown, P. J. (1993). Loneliness in middle childhood: Concurrent and longitudinal predictors. Child Development, 64, 1271–1284. doi:10.2307/1131339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rowling, J. K. (1997). Harry Potter and the sorcerer’s stone. New York: Scholastic.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, K. H., LeMare, L. J., & Lollis, S. (1990). Social withdrawal in childhood: Developmental pathways to peer rejection. In S. R. Asher & J. D. Coie (Eds.), Peer rejection in childhood (pp. 217–249). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, K. H., Bukowski, W. M., & Laursen, B. (2009). Handbook of peer interactions, relationships, and groups. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudolph, K. D. (2009). The interpersonal context of adolescent depression. In S. Nolen-Hoeksema & L. Hilt (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent depression. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudolph, K. D., Flynn, M., & Abaied, J. L. (2008). A developmental perspective on interpersonal theories of youth depression. In J. R. Z. Abela & B. L. Hankin (Eds.), Child and adolescent depression: Causes, treatment, and prevention. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saphire-Bernstein, S., & Taylor, S. (2013). Close relationships and happiness. In S. A.David, I. Boniwell, & A. C. Ayers (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of happiness (pp. 821–833). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A. (1999). Development as freedom. New York: Knopf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simpkins, S. D., Eccles, J. S., & Becnel, J. N. (2008). The meditational role of adolescents’ friends in relations between activity breadth and adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 44, 1081–1094. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.4.1081.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stevens, E. A., & Prinstein, M. J. (2005). Peer contagion of depressogenic attributional styles among adolescents: A longitudinal study. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33, 25–37. doi:10.1007/s10802-005-0931-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suldo, S. M., & Huebner, E. S. (2006). Is extremely high life satisfaction during adolescence advantageous? Social Indicators Research, 78, 179–203. doi:10.1007/s11205-005-8208-2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tran, C. V., Cole, D. A., & Weiss, B. (2012). Testing reciprocal longitudinal relations between peer victimization and depressive symptoms in young adolescents. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 41, 353–360. doi:10.1080/15374416.2012.662674.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2007). Online communication and adolescent well-being: Testing the stimulation versus the displacement hypothesis. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12, 1169–1182. doi:10.1111/j.1083-6101.2007.00368.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Zalk, M. H. W., Kerr, M., Branje, S. J. T., Stattin, H., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2010). Peer contagion and adolescent depression: The role of failure anticipation. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39, 837–848. doi:10.1080/15374416.2010.517164.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vera, E., Thakral, C., Gonzales, R., Morgan, M., Conner, W., Caskey, E., Bauer, A., Mattera, L. A., Clark, S., Bena, K., & Dick, L. (2008). Subjective well-being in urban adolescents of color. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14, 224–233. doi:10.1037/1099-9809.14.3.224.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • White, E. B. (1952). Charlotte’s web. New York: Harper Collins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woods, S., Done, J., & Kalsi, H. (2009). Peer victimisation and internalising difficulties: The moderating role of friendship quality. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 293–308. doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.03.005.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Colgate University, 13 Oak Drive, 13346, Hamilton, NY, USA

    Catherine L. Bagwell

  2. University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA

    Karen P. Kochel

  3. Moravian College, Bethlehem, PA, USA

    Michelle E. Schmidt

Authors
  1. Catherine L. Bagwell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Karen P. Kochel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Michelle E. Schmidt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Catherine L. Bagwell .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA

    Melikşah Demir

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bagwell, C., Kochel, K., Schmidt, M. (2015). Friendship and Happiness in Adolescence. In: Demir, M. (eds) Friendship and Happiness. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9603-3_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation