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Related Circuitry and Synaptic Connectivity in Psychiatric Disorders

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Neurosurgical Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract

Deciphering the connectivity supporting brain function in psychiatric disorders is one of the major challenges in clinical neurosciences. Neural correlates of psychiatric disorders are not well-known because experimental research is extremely difficult to carry on facing the complexity of biological, medical and socio-psychological concepts. Although far from an extensive knowledge of such complex issue, one can summarize most main macroscopic or microscopic circuits known in human and higher species, but also in rodents. After a reminder of scales and functionality of neurobiological circuits , anatomo-functional correlates of the executive-behavioral system and psychiatric disorders are exposed, focusing on most frequent domains of psychiatry, anxiety, mood, substance disorders and memory.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Image-Guided Clinical Neuroscience and Connectomics, Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Jean-Jacques Lemaire

  2. Service of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France

    Jean-Jacques Lemaire

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  1. Jean-Jacques Lemaire
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Correspondence to Jean-Jacques Lemaire .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Bomin Sun

  2. Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Antonio De Salles

List of Abbreviations Used in Figures

AC

Anterior commissure

ACc

Anterior cingulate cortex

Ach

Acetylcholine

Ag

Amygdala

Al

Ansa lenticularis

Alat

Anterolateral nucleus (Thalamus)

Am

Anteromedial nucleus (Thalamus)

Ant

Anterior thalamus

Ap

Anterior perforate region

Ar

Arcuate nucleus (hypothalamus)

Av

Alveus

Bfb

Basal forebrain bundle

Bst

Bed of stria terminalis

CAg

Centromedial amygdala

Cc

Corpus callosum

Clau

Claustrum

Cd, h, t

Caudate nucleus, head, tale

Cg

Cingulate (gyrus)

Ci

Cingulum (longitudinal fascicle of the gyrus limbici)

Cao

Carrefour olfactif of Broca (paraolfactory area)

Cs

Cingulate sulcus

D1, 2

Dopamine receptor: types 1 and 2

DA

Dopamine neuron

DACg

Dorsal anterior cingulate

Db

Diagonal band of Broca

Dl

Dorsolateral nucleus (thalamus)

DLPF

Dorsolateral prefronal cortex

DMPF

Dorsomedial prefronal cortex

Dm

Dorsomedial nucleus (thalamus)

Dom

Dorsomedial nucleus (hypothalamus)

DPM

Dorsal premotor cortex

Ea

Extended amygdala

ECg

External cingulate gyrus

Ep

Epithalamus

Epl

Lateral habenula

Ent

Entorhinal cortex

Fa

Fascicle angularis

Fbc

Fronto-basal cortex

FEF

Frontal eye field

Fi

Fimbria

Fo

Fascicle olfactorius, diagonal band of Broca

FPc

Frontopolar cortex

Fr

Fascicle retroflexus

Fx

Fornix

Gaba

Gamma-aminobutyric acid neuron

Glu

Glutamate

gR

Gyrus rectus

Gp, e, i, v

Globus pallidum extern, intern, ventral

Hi

Hippocampus

Hy, l

Hypothalamus, lateral

Ical

Internal capsule anterior limb

Ida

Insular dysgranular area

Ifs

Inferior frontal gyrus

Ins

Insula

Ipn

Interpeduncular nucleus

Isth

Isthmus

Lat

Lateral nucleus (hypothalamus)

Lgb

Lateral geniculate body

LBco

Laterobasal complex of amygdala

M-I

Primary motor area

M-II, SMA

Supplementary motor area

Mb

Mammilary body

MCc

Midcingulate cortex

MFc

Motor frontal cortex

MiT

Midline thalamus

MPF

Medial prefrontal cortex

Msn

Medium spiny neuron

Mtb

Mamillo-thalamic bundle

Nac (c, s)

Nucleus accumbens (core, shell)

Nal

Nucleus ansa lenticularis

NM

Nucleus of Meynert

Mt

Mammillo-tegmental fascicle

Oc

Orbitofrontal cortex

OFg

Orbitofrontal gyri

Ol

Ofactive system

Ot

Optical tract

Ox

Optic chiasma

ParaHg

Parahypoccampal gyrus

PCc

Posterior cingulate cortex

PCs

Paracingulate sulcus

Pf

Parafascicular nucleus (thalamus)

Pfo

Perifornical nucleus (hypothalamus)

PFc

Prefrontal cortex

Pol

Temporo-polar region

Pos

Paraolfactive or subcallosal sulcus

Post

Posterior nucleus (hypothalamus)

Pr

Preoptic nucleus (hypothalamus)

PreCuneus

Pre cuneus of the medial parieto-cingulate region

Pu, a

Putamen, anterior

Pul

Pulvinar

Pv

Periventricular nucleus (hypothalamus)

Pvg

Paraventricular grey matter

Pvt

Paraventricular thalamus

RCc

Radiation of the corpus callosum

RSC

Retrosplenial cingulate cortex

Ro

Olfactive radiation

Rn

Red nucleus

Rrn

Retrorubral nucleus or field

Sc

Suprachiasmatic nucleus (hypothalamus)

SCg

Subcallosal gyrus

Se

Septum (nuclei)

Ser

Serotonine or 5-hydroxytryptamine

Si

Substantia innominata

Sm

Stria medullaris

So

Supraoptic nucleus (hypothalamus)

Sos

Supraorbitaris sulci

Spl

Splenium of the corpus callosum

Sq

Substance Q

St

Stria terminalis

Stn

Subthalamic nucleus

Std

Dorsal striatum

Stv

Ventral striatum

Sn, c, r

Substantia nigra, compacta, reticulata

Teg

Tegmentum

Thal

Thalamus

Tm

Nucleus tuberomammillaris (hypothalamus)

Trg

Transverse gyri

VLPF

Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex

VMPF

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Vc

Thalamus ventro-caudal

Vm

Ventromedial nucleus (hypothalamus)

Vo

Thalamus ventro-oral

VPM

Ventral premotor cortex

Vta, L, CM

Ventral tegmental area, lateral and caudo-medial parts

Zi

Zona incerta

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© 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, Shanghai and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Lemaire, JJ. (2015). Related Circuitry and Synaptic Connectivity in Psychiatric Disorders. In: Sun, B., Salles, A. (eds) Neurosurgical Treatments for Psychiatric Disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9576-0_1

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