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Hairy Roots: Production of Metabolites to Environmental Restoration

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Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology

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Abstract

Hairy roots (HRs) have been proven as a potential source of secondary metabolites and also, for the biotransformation of desirable metabolites. Recently, HRs have emerged as an efficient in vitro model systems for screening the capabilities of different plant species to tolerate, accumulate, and/or to remove environmental pollutants. HRs offer benefits of greater genotypic and phenotypic stability than the dedifferentiated cultures, thus providing a more reliable and a reproducible experimental system, and even for flexibility of insertion of gene of interest to the HR gene construct for efficient applications. Additionally, absence of soil matrix and microbes is the key advantage in HRs for precise removal of toxic products as well as for elucidating metabolic pathways for conversion of hazardous chemicals to non hazardous products. The feasibility of scale up of HRs in bioreactors offers an attractive avenue for industrial processes both for metabolite synthesis as well as for phytoremediation. The present review highlights current knowledge, recent progress, areas which need to be explored and future perspectives related to the application and improvement of the efficiency of HRs for phytoremediation research.

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Abbreviations

DDT:

Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane

DU:

Depleted uranium

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

GCMS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

HMX:

Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine

HPLC:

High pressure liquid chromatography

HR:

Hairy roots

PCBs:

Polychlorinated biphenyls

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

RDX:

Hexahydro-1,3-5-trinitro-1,3-5-triazine

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Acknowledgements

VAB wishes to thank Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi for senior scientist fellowship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, D.Y. Patil University, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India

    N. S. Desai

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Energy Biosciences, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India

    P. Jha

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India

    V. A. Bapat

Authors
  1. N. S. Desai
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  2. P. Jha
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  3. V. A. Bapat
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. S. Desai .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)

    Kee-Yoeup Paek

  2. Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India

    Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy

  3. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Jian-Jiang Zhong

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Desai, N.S., Jha, P., Bapat, V.A. (2014). Hairy Roots: Production of Metabolites to Environmental Restoration. In: Paek, KY., Murthy, H., Zhong, JJ. (eds) Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9223-3_15

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