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Bioreactor Culture of Shoots and Somatic Embryos of Medicinal Plants for Production of Bioactive Compounds

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Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology

Abstract

Plant cell and tissue culture technology has been considered as a powerful tool for the clonal production of medicinal plants. Plant tissue culture is an excellent alternative to traditional methods of plantation, as it offers a controlled supply of biochemicals independent of plant availability. In the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in this area, and its importance has rapidly increased because of increased need for medicinal plant substances as sources of medicine and health food ingredients. Bioreactor culture system was applied for biomass and secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants. The bioreactor system has been also refined to enhance the efficiency in terms of productivity and for cost reduction. For an efficient large-scale bioreactor culture, a perpetual explant source that is stable and fast growing is important, and till now, five types of culture materials have been commonly used: (1) hairy roots, (2) adventitious roots, (3) suspension cells, (4) somatic embryos and (5) multiple shoots. Majority of studies have been conducted on the cell and root cultures for biomass and secondary metabolite production for commercial purposes. In comparison, only limited studies have been conducted on somatic embryo and multiple shoot cultures as sources of medicinal compounds, even though it has been found that intact plants contain more pharmaceutical chemicals than that of the cells or roots. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview of somatic embryo and multiple shoot induction in various medicinal plants for the production of biomass and secondary compounds. Future perspectives of biomass and bioactive compound production via somatic embryogenesis and shoot culture have been also discussed.

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Abbreviations

2, 4-D:

2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

ABA:

Abscisic acid

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

BTBB:

Balloon-type bubble bioreactor

CAT:

Catalase

CI:

Continuous immersion

CIN:

Continuous immersion with net

E&FC:

Ebb and flood culture

EC:

Embryogenic callus

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy

GPx:

Glutathione peroxidase

GR:

Glutathione reductase

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

IMA:

Immersion culture with air supply

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MJ:

Methyl jasmonate

MRC:

Modified raft culture

MS medium:

Murashige and Skoog medium

NAA:

α-Naphthalene acetic acid

RC:

Raft culture

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TDZ:

Thiadiazuron (N-phenyl-N′-(1 2, 3-thiadiazol-yl))

TI:

Temporary immersion

TIN:

Temporary immersion with net

vvm:

Air volume per medium volume per minute

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Acknowledgement

Authors are thankful to financial support of Ministry of Knowledge Economy (Project No. 10043192)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, Republic of Korea

    So-Young Park

  2. Research Center for the Development of Advanced Horticultural Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, Republic of Korea

    Kee-Yoeup Paek

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  1. So-Young Park
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Correspondence to So-Young Park .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)

    Kee-Yoeup Paek

  2. Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, India

    Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy

  3. School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Jian-Jiang Zhong

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Park, SY., Paek, KY. (2014). Bioreactor Culture of Shoots and Somatic Embryos of Medicinal Plants for Production of Bioactive Compounds. In: Paek, KY., Murthy, H., Zhong, JJ. (eds) Production of Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Using Bioreactor Technology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9223-3_14

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