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Environmental and Human Pathogenic Microorganisms

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Environmental Microbiology: Fundamentals and Applications

Abstract

As the study of interactions between pathogenic microorganisms and their environment is part of microbial ecology, this chapter reviews the different types of human pathogens found in the environment, the different types of fecal indicators used in water quality monitoring, the biotic and abiotic factors affecting the survival and the infectivity of pathogenic microorganisms during their transportation in the environment, and the methods presently available to detect rare microorganisms in environmental samples. This chapter exclusively focuses on human pathogens.

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Abbreviations

AIDS:

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

BOD:

Biological oxygen demand

CSO:

Combined sewer overflow

HAV:

Hepatitis A virus

HEV:

Hepatitis E virus

GI:

Genomic islands

ID50:

The dose of an infectious organism required to produce infection in 50 % of the experimental subjects

Ig:

Immunoglobulin

IS:

Insertion sequence

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MID:

Minimal infectious dose

OECD:

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

PAI:

Pathogenicity islands

SS:

Suspended solids

IPCC:

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

VNC:

Viable but non-culturable

WWTP:

Wastewater treatment plant

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Microbiennes (LBBM), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, USR CNRS 3579, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France

    Philippe Lebaron

  2. Laboratoire de Bactériologie marine et Écotoxicologie microbienne, Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, G5M1E1, Canada

    Karine Lemarchand

  3. Microbial Ecology Center, UMR CNRS 5557 / USC INRA 1364, Université Lyon 1, 69622, Villeurbanne, France

    Benoit Cournoyer & Sylvie Nazaret

  4. Laboratoire d’Écologie des Systèmes Aquatiques (ESA), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine, 1050, Bruxelles, Belgium

    Pierre Servais

Authors
  1. Philippe Lebaron
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  2. Benoit Cournoyer
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  3. Karine Lemarchand
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  4. Sylvie Nazaret
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  5. Pierre Servais
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Philippe Lebaron .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Toulon, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut Méditerranéen d’Océanologie (MIO), UM 110, CNRS 7294 IRD 235, Cedex 9, Marseille, France

    Jean-Claude Bertrand

  2. Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UM 110, CNRS 5254, Pau Cedex, France

    Pierre Caumette

  3. Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Microbiennes (LBBM), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ, Paris 06, USR CNRS 3579, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France

    Philippe Lebaron

  4. Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), UMR-CNRS-IRD 7263, Aix-Marseille Université, Cedex 20, Marseille, France

    Robert Matheron

  5. Microbial Ecology Center, UMR CNRS 5557/USC INRA 1364, Villeubanne, France

    Philippe Normand

  6. Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement (LMGE), UMR CNRS 6023, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont Université, Aubère Cedex, France

    Télesphore Sime-Ngando

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Lebaron, P., Cournoyer, B., Lemarchand, K., Nazaret, S., Servais, P. (2015). Environmental and Human Pathogenic Microorganisms. In: Bertrand, JC., Caumette, P., Lebaron, P., Matheron, R., Normand, P., Sime-Ngando, T. (eds) Environmental Microbiology: Fundamentals and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9118-2_15

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