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Impact of Dust Radiative Forcing upon Climate

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Mineral Dust

Abstract

Dust aerosols perturb the atmospheric radiative flux at both solar and thermal wavelengths, altering the energy and water cycles. The climate adjusts by redistributing energy and moisture, so that local temperature perturbations, for example, depend upon the forcing over the entire extent of the perturbed circulation. Within regions frequently mixed by deep convection, including the deep tropics, dust particles perturb the surface air temperature primarily through radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). Many models predict that dust reduces global precipitation. This reduction is typically attributed to the decrease of surface evaporation in response to dimming of the surface. A counterexample is presented, where greater shortwave absorption by dust increases evaporation and precipitation despite greater dimming of the surface. This is attributed to the dependence of surface evaporation upon TOA forcing through its influence upon surface temperature and humidity. Perturbations by dust to the surface wind speed and vegetation (through precipitation anomalies) feed back upon the dust aerosol concentration. The current uncertainty of radiative forcing attributed to dust and the resulting range of climate perturbations calculated by models remain a useful test of our understanding of the mechanisms relating dust radiative forcing to the climate response.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, NY, 10025, USA

    Ron L. Miller, Carlos Pérez García-Pando & Jan P. Perlwitz

  2. Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Ron L. Miller, Carlos Pérez García-Pando & Jan P. Perlwitz

  3. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Peter Knippertz

  4. Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Peter Knippertz

  5. Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Ina Tegen

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  1. Ron L. Miller
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  4. Jan P. Perlwitz
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Correspondence to Ron L. Miller .

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  1. Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, University of Leeds, School of Earth & Environment, Leeds, UK, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Peter Knippertz

  2. MARUM – Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Marine Sedimentology, University of Bremen, NIOZ – Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Geology and Chemical Oceanography, Texel, The Netherlands, Bremen, Germany

    Jan-Berend W. Stuut

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Miller, R.L., Knippertz, P., Pérez García-Pando, C., Perlwitz, J.P., Tegen, I. (2014). Impact of Dust Radiative Forcing upon Climate. In: Knippertz, P., Stuut, JB. (eds) Mineral Dust. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8978-3_13

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