Abstract
The study of and interest in thiosulfinates, polysulfanes, and other related sulfur-containing secondary metabolites derived from Alliums and other plants is steadily on the increase. This is hardly surprising given their fascinating and unusual chemistry, the ever-widening circle of uses to which these compounds could be put and, understandably, the economic importance which they have quickly come to assume. Here, we review some specific chemistry, biochemical processes, biological activities, and potential applications of certain selected members of this individually- distinct but biosynthetically- related group of compounds.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Adamu I, Joseph PK, Augusti KT (1982) Hypolipidemic action of onion and garlic unsaturated oils in sucrose fed rats over a two-month period. Experientia 38(8):899–901
Agarwal KC (1996) Therapeutic actions of garlic constituents. Med Res Rev 16(1):111–124
Amarawardana L, Bandara P, Kumar V, Pettersson J, Ninkovic V, Glinwood R (2007) Olfactory response of Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) to volatiles from leek and chive: potential for intercropping with sweet pepper. Acta Agr Scand B-S P 57(1):87–91
Ankri S, Mirelman D (1999) Antimicrobial properties of allicin from garlic. Microbes Infect 1(2):125–129
Antosiewicz J, Herman-Antosiewicz A, Marynowski SW, Singh SV (2006) C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase signaling axis regulates diallyl trisulfide-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and cell cycle arrest in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 66(10):5379–5386
Apitz-Castro R, Cabrera S, Cruz MR, Ledezma E, Jain MK (1983) Effects of garlic extract and of three pure components isolated from it on human platelet aggregation, arachidonate metabolism, release reaction and platelet ultrastructure. Thromb Res 32(2):155–169
Apitz-Castro R, Ledezma E, Escalante J, Jain MK (1986) The molecular basis of the antiplatelet action of ajoene: direct interaction with the fibrinogen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 141(1):145–150
Apitz-Castro R, Badimon JJ, Badimon L (1994) A garlic derivative, ajoene, inhibits platelet deposition on severely damaged vessel wall in an in vivo porcine experimental-model. Thromb Res 75(3):243–249
Ariga T, Oshiba S, Tamada T (1981) Platelet aggregation inhibitor in garlic. Lancet 1(8212):150–151
Arya A, Chauhan RCA (1995) Effect of allicin and extracts of garlic and bignonia on two fungi. Indian J Mycol Plant Pathol 25:316–318
Assis FA, Moraes JC, Assis GA (2007) Effect of the aqueous extract of garlic bulbs on the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on potato. Ecossistema 32(1–2):63–66
Bakker J, Gommers FJ, Nieuwenhuis I, Wynberg H (1979) Photoactivation of the nematicidal compound alpha-terthienyl from roots of marigolds (Tagetes species). A possible singlet oxygen role. J Biol Chem 254(6):1841–1844
Bat-Chen W, Golan T, Peri I, Ludmer Z, Schwartz B (2010) Allicin purified from fresh garlic cloves induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells via Nrf2. Nutr Cancer 62(7):947–957
Bayer T, Wagner H, Block E, Grisoni S, Zhao SH, Neszmelyi A (1989) Zwiebelanes—novel biologically-active 2,3-dimethyl-5,6-dithiabicyclo[2.1.1]hexane 5-oxides from onion. J Am Chem Soc 111(8):3085–3086
Bianchi A, Zambonelli A, DAulerio AZ, Bellesia F (1997) Ultrastructural studies of the effects of Allium sativum on phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. Plant Dis 81(11):1241–1246
Block E (1992) The organosulfur chemistry of the genus Allium—implications for the organic-chemistry of sulfur. Angew Chem Int Edit 31(9):1135–1178
Block E (2010) Garlic and other Alliums: the lore and the science
Block E, Deorazio R (1994) Chemistry in a salad bowl—comparative organosulfur chemistry of garlic, onion and shiitake mushrooms. Pure Appl Chem 66(10–11):2205–2206
Block E, Ahmad S, Jain MK, Crecely RW, Apitzcastro R, Cruz MR (1984) (E, Z)-ajoene—a potent antithrombotic agent from garlic. J Am Chem Soc 106(26):8295–8296
Block E, Bayer T, Naganathan S, Zhao SH (1996) Allium chemistry: Synthesis and sigmatropic rearrangements of alk(en)yl 1-propenyl disulfide S-oxides from cut onion and garlic. J Am Chem Soc 118(12):2799–2810
Block E, Dane AJ, Thomas S, Cody RB (2010) Applications of direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) in allium chemistry. 2-propenesulfenic and 2-propenesulfinic acids, diallyl trisulfane S-oxide, and other reactive sulfur compounds from crushed garlic and other Alliums. J Agr Food Chem 58(8):4617–4625
Bowman GT, Clement JJ, Davidson DE Jr, Eswarakrishnan V, Field L, Hoch JM, Musallam HA, Pick RO, Ravichandran R, Srivastava PK (1986) Potential antiradiation drugs containing no nitrogen, and related compounds. Chem Biol Interact 57(2):161–174
Brzostowska EM, Greer A (2003) The role of amine in the mechanism of pentathiepin (polysulfur) antitumor agents. J Am Chem Soc 125(2):396–404
Busch C, Jacob C, Anwar A, Burkholz T, Ba LA, Cerella C, Diederich M, Brandt W, Wessjohann L, Montenarh M (2010) Diallylpolysulfides induce growth arrest and apoptosis. Int J Oncol 36(3):743–749
Castiglioni A (1985) A history of medicine. Jason Aronson, New York
Cavallito CJ, Bailey JH (1944) Allicin, the antibacterial principle of Allium sativum. I. Isolation, physical properties and antibacterial action. J Am Chem Soc 66(11):1950–1951
Cavallito CJ, Buck JS, Suter CM (1944) Allicin, the antibacterial principle of Allium sativum. II. Determination of the chemical structure. J Am Chem Soc 66(11):1952–1954
Cerella C, Scherer C, Cristofanon S, Henry E, Anwar A, Busch C, Montenarh M, Dicato M, Jacob C, Diederich M (2009) Cell cycle arrest in early mitosis and induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis in U937 cells by diallyltetrasulfide (Al2S4). Apoptosis 14(5):641–654
Curtis H, Noll U, Stoermann J, Slusarenko AJ (2004) Broad-spectrum activity of the volatile phytoanticipin allicin in extracts of garlic (Allium sativum L.) against plant pathogenic bacteria, fungi and oomycetes. Physiol Mol Plant 65(2):79–89
Davidson BS, Molinski TF, Barrows LR, Ireland CM (1991) Varacin—a novel benzopentathiepin from Lissoclinum-Vareau that is cytotoxic toward a human colon-tumor. J Am Chem Soc 113(12):4709–4710
Davis SR (2005) An overview of the antifungal properties of allicin and its breakdown products—the possibility of a safe and effective antifungal prophylactic. Mycoses 48(2):95–100
Dicke M (1999) Are herbivore-induced plant volatiles reliable indicators of herbivore identity to foraging carnivorous arthropods? Entomol Exp Appl 91(1):131–142
Dirsch VM, Gerbes AL, Vollmar AM (1998) Ajoene, a compound of garlic, induces apoptosis in human promyeloleukemic cells, accompanied by generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of nuclear factor kappa B. Mol Pharmacol 53(3):402–407
Doering M, Ba LA, Lilienthal N, Nicco C, Scherer C, Abbas M, Zada AA, Coriat R, Burkholz T, Wessjohann L, Diederich M, Batteux F, Herling M, Jacob C (2010) Synthesis and selective anticancer activity of organochalcogen based redox catalysts. J Med Chem 53(19):6954–6963
Egen-Schwind C, Eckard R, Jekat FW, Winterhoff H (1992) Phamacokinetics of vinyldithiins, transformation products of allicin. Planta Med 58(1):8–13
Ford PW, Davidson BS (1993) Synthesis of varacin, a cytotoxic naturally-occurring benzopentathiepin isolated from a marine ascidian. J Org Chem 58(17):4522–4523
Gardner CD, Lawson LD, Chatterjee LM, Kiazand A, Balise RR, Kraemer HC (2007) Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia—a randomized clinical trial. Arch Intern Med 167(4):346–353
Giles GI, Tasker KM, Jacob C (2001) Hypothesis: the role of reactive sulfur species in oxidative stress. Free Radical Bio Med 31(10):1279–1283
Giles GI, Tasker KM, Collins C, Giles NM, O’Rourke E, Jacob C (2002) Reactive sulphur species: an in vitro investigation of the oxidation properties of disulphide S-oxides. Biochem J 364:579–585
Gmelin R, Susilo R, Fenwick GR (1981) Cyclic polysulfides from parkia-speciosa. Phytochemistry 20(11):2521–2523
Gruhlke MCH, Portz D, Stitz M, Anwar A, Schneider T, Jacob C, Schlaich NL, Slusarenko AJ (2010) Allicin disrupts the cell’s electrochemical potential and induces apoptosis in yeast. Free Radical Bio Med 49(12):1916–1924
Hardy G (2000) Nutraceuticals and functional foods: introduction and meaning. Nutrition 16(7–8):688–689
Hirsch K, Danilenko M, Giat J, Miron T, Rabinkov A, Wilchek M, Mirelman D, Levy J, Sharoni Y (2000) Effect of purified allicin, the major ingredient of freshly crushed garlic, on cancer cell proliferation. Nutr Cancer 38(2):245–254
Höfle G, Gmelin R, Luxa HH, Galamulumetreves MN, Hatanaka SI (1976) Structure of lentinic acid—2-(Gamma-Glutamylamino)-4,6,8,10,10-pentaoxo-4,6,8,10-tetrathiaundecanoic acid. Tetrahedron Lett 36:3129–3132
Horev-Azaria L, Eliav S, Izigov N, Pri-Chen S, Mirelman D, Miron T, Rabinkov A, Wilchek M, Jacob-Hirsch J, Amariglio N, Savion N (2009) Allicin up-regulates cellular glutathione level in vascular endothelial cells. Eur J Nutr 48(2):67–74
Huang Y, Chen SX, Ho SH (2000) Bioactivities of methyl allyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide from essential oil of garlic to two species of stored-product pests, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). J Econ Entomol 93(2):537–543
Hudson JB, Graham EA, Rossi R, Carpita A, Neri D, Towers GHN (1993) Biological-activities of terthiophenes and polyynes from the Asteraceae. Planta Med 59(5):447–450
Iberl B, Winkler G, Knobloch K (1990) Products of allicin transformation: ajoenes and dithiins, characterization and their determination by HPLC. Planta Med 56(2):202–211
Iciek M, Bilska A, Ksiazek L, Srebro Z, Wlodek L (2005) Allyl disulfide as donor and cyanide as acceptor of sulfane sulfur in the mouse tissues. Pharmacol Rep 57(2):212–218
Imai S, Tsuge N, Tomotake M, Nagatome Y, Sawada H, Nagata T, Kumagai H (2002) Plant biochemistry: an onion enzyme that makes the eyes water. Nature 419(6908):685
Jacob C (2006) A scent of therapy: pharmacological implications of natural products containing redox-active sulfur atoms. Nat Prod Rep 23(6):851–863
Jacob C, Anwar A (2008) The chemistry behind redox regulation with a focus on sulphur redox systems. Physiol Plant 133(3):469–480
Jain MK, Apitz-Castro R (1987) Garlic: molecular basis of the putative ‘vampire-repellant’ action and other matters related to heart and blood. Trends Biochem Sci 12:252–254
Jamaluddin MP, Krishnan LK, Thomas A (1988) Ajoene inhibition of platelet aggregation: possible mediation by a hemoprotein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 153(1):479–486
Jones MG (2010) The biosynthesis of volatile sulfur flavour compounds. In: Herrmann A (ed) The chemistry and biology of volatiles. Wiley, West Sussex, United Kingdom
Kelkel M, Cerella C, Mack F, Schneider T, Jacob C, Schumacher M, Dicato M, Diederich M (2012) ROS-independent JNK activation and multisite phosphorylation of Bcl-2 link diallyl tetrasulfide-induced mitotic arrest to apoptosis. Carcinogenesis 33(11):2162–2171
Kensler TW, Curphey TJ, Maxiutenko Y, Roebuck BD (2000) Chemoprotection by organosulfur inducers of phase 2 enzymes: dithiolethiones and dithiins. Drug Metab Drug Interact 17(1–4):3–22
Keusgen M (2008) Unusual cystine lyase activity of the enzyme alliinase: direct formation of polysulphides. Planta Med 74(1):73–79
Kim S, Kubec R, Musah RA (2006) Antibacterial and antifungal activity of sulfur-containing compounds from Petiveria alliacea L. J Ethnopharmacol 104(1–2):188–192
Kjaer A, Larsen PO (1977) Non-protein amino acids, cyanogenic glycosides and glucosinolates. In: Bulock JD (ed) Biosynthesis, specialist periodical reports, vol 2., Royal Society of ChemistryCambridge, United Kingdom, pp 121–122
Koch HP, Lawson LD (1996) Garlic: the science and therapeutic application of Allium sativum L and related species. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, Md
Kouokam JC, Jahns T, Becker H (2002) Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and some isolated sulfur-rich compounds from Scorodophloeus zenkeri. Planta Med 68(12):1082–1087
Kubec R, Cody RB, Dane AJ, Musah RA, Schraml J, Vattekkatte A, Block E (2010) Applications of direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry (DART-MS) in allium chemistry. (Z)-Butanethial S-oxide and 1-butenyl thiosulfinates and their S-(E)-1-butenylcysteine S-oxide precursor from Allium siculum. J Agr Food Chem 58(2):1121–1128
Kupiecki FP, Virtanen AI (1960) Cleavage of alkyl cysteine sulphoxides by an enzyme in onion (Allium-Cepa). Acta Chem Scand 14(9):1913–1918
Lancaster JE, Shaw ML, Walton EF (2000) S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxides, alliinase and aroma in Leucocoryne. Phytochemistry 55(2):127–130
Lawson LD, Wood SG, Hughes BG (1991) Hplc analysis of allicin and other thiosulfinates in garlic clove homogenates. Planta Med 57(3):263–270
Lawson LD, Ransom DK, Hughes BG (1992) Inhibition of whole-blood platelet-aggregation by compounds in garlic clove extracts and commercial garlic products. Thromb Res 65(2):141–156
Ledezma E, Apitz-Castro R (2006) [ajoene the main active compound of garlic (Allium sativum): a new antifungal agent]. Revista iberoamericana de micologia 23(2):75–80
Li M, Ciu JR, Ye Y, Min JM, Zhang LH, Wang K, Gares M, Cros J, Wright M, Leung-Tack J (2002) Antitumor activity of Z-ajoene, a natural compound purified from garlic: antimitotic and microtubule-interaction properties. Carcinogenesis 23(4):573–579
Liu P, Guo JH, Liu HM, Cheng YJ, Wang BQ, Long CA, Deng BX (2009) Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) effectively induced apoptosis of postharvest disease Penicillium expansum of citrus. Ann Microbiol 59(4):675–679
Liu C, Cao F, Tang QZ, Yan L, Dong YG, Zhu LH, Wang L, Bian ZY, Li HL (2010) Allicin protects against cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis via attenuating reactive oxygen species-dependent signaling pathways. J Nutr Biochem 21(12):1238–1250
Makarieva TN, Stonik VA, Dmitrenok AS, Grebnev BB, Isakov VV, Rebachyk NM, Rashkes YW (1995) Varacin and three new marine antimicrobial polysulfides from the far-eastern ascidian Polycitor sp. J Nat Prod 58(2):254–258
Makheja AN, Bailey JM (1990) Antiplatelet constituents of garlic and onion. Agents Actions 29(3–4):360–363
Medicine TFfI (1992) The nutraceutical initiative—a proposal for economic and regulatory reform. Food Technol Chicago 46(4):77–79
Miron T, Wilehek M, Sharp A, Nakagawa Y, Naoi M, Nozawa Y, Akao Y (2008) Allicin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in HL60 and U937 cells. J Nutr Biochem 19(8):524–535
Morita K, Kobayash S (1966) Isolation and synthesis of lenthionine an odorous substance of shiitake an edible mushroom. Tetrahedron Lett 6:573
Morita K, Kobayash S (1967) Isolation structure and synthesis of lenthionine and its analogs. Chem Pharm Bull 15(7):988
Mueller AL, Virtanen AI (1966) Synthesis of S-(buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide and its enzymic cleavage to 1-butenylsulfenic acid. Acta Chem Scand B 20(4):1163–1165
Munchberg U, Anwar A, Mecklenburg S, Jacob C (2007) Polysulfides as biologically active ingredients of garlic. Org Biomol Chem 5(10):1505–1518
Munday R, Munday JS, Munday CM (2003) Comparative effects of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasulfides derived from plants of the allium family: redox cycling in vitro and hemolytic activity and phase 2 enzyme induction in vivo. Free Radical Bio Med 34(9):1200–1211
Musah RA, He Q, Kubec R (2009) Discovery and characterization of a novel lachrymatory factor synthase in Petiveria alliacea and its influence on alliinase-mediated formation of biologically active Organosulfur compounds. Plant Physiol 151(3):1294–1303
Naganawa R, Iwata N, Ishikawa K, Fukuda H, Fujino T, Suzuki A (1996) Inhibition of microbial growth by ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlic. Appl Environ Microb 62(11):4238–4242
Nishikawa T, Yamada N, Hattori A, Fukuda H, Fujino T (2002) Inhibition by ajoene of skin-tumor promotion in mice. Biosci Biotech Bioch 66(10):2221–2223
O’Gara EA, Hill DJ, Maslin DJ (2000) Activities of garlic oil, garlic powder, and their diallyl constituents against Helicobacter pylori. Appl Environ Microb 66(5):2269–2273
Oommen S, Anto RJ, Srinivas G, Karunagaran D (2004) Allicin (from garlic) induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 485(1–3):97–103
Pari L, Murugavel P, Sitasawad SL, Kumar KS (2007) Cytoprotective and antioxidant role of diallyl tetrasulfide on cadmium induced renal injury: an in vivo and in vitro study. Life Sci 80(7):650–658
Park SY, Cho SJ, Kwon HC, Lee KR, Rhee DK, Pyo S (2005) Caspase-independent cell death by allicin in human epithelial carcinoma cells: involvement of PKA. Cancer Lett 224(1):123–132
Paterson I, Anderson EA (2005) The renaissance of natural products as drug candidates. Science 310(5747):451–453
Perez HA, De la Rosa M, Apitz R (1994) In vivo activity of ajoene against rodent malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 38(2):337–339
Portz D, Koch E, Slusarenko AJ (2008) Effects of garlic (Allium sativum) juice containing allicin on Phytophthora infestans and downy mildew of cucumber caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis. Eur J Plant Pathol 122(1):197–206
Rabinkov A, Miron T, Mirelman D, Wilchek M, Glozman S, Yavin E, Weiner L (2000) S-Allylmercaptoglutathione: the reaction product of allicin with glutathione possesses SH-modifying and antioxidant properties. Bba-Mol Cell Res 1499(1–2):144–153
Romagnoli C, Mares D, Fasulo MP, Bruni A (1994) Antifungal effects of alpha-terthienyl from tagetes-patula on 5 dermatophytes. Phytother Res 8(6):332–336
Russell PE, Mussa AEA (1977) Use of garlic (Allium sativum) extracts to control foot rot of phaseolus-vulgaris caused by fusarium-solani fsp phaseoli. Ann Appl Biol 86(3):369–372
Scharfenberg K, Wagner R, Wagner KG (1990) The cytotoxic effect of ajoene, a natural product from garlic investigated differ cell-lines. Cancer Lett 53(2–3):103–108
Schneider T, Ba LA, Khairan K, Zwergel C, Bach ND, Bernhardt I, Brandt W, Wessjohann L, Diederich M, Jacob C (2011) Interactions of polysulfanes with components of red blood cells. Medchemcomm 2(3):196–200
Seki T, Hosono T, Hosono-Fukao T, Inada K, Tanaka R, Ogihara J, Ariga T (2008) Anticancer effects of diallyl trisulfide derived from garlic. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 17:249–252
Sendl A, Schliack M, Loser R, Stanislaus F, Wagner H (1992) Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in vitro by extracts and isolated compounds prepared from garlic and wild garlic. Atherosclerosis 94(1):79–85
Shibuya T, Shimada S, Sakurai H, Kumagai H (2005) Mechanism of inhibition of platelet aggregation by lenthionine, a flavour component from shiitake mushroom. In: IFT annual meeting, New Orleans, LA, 15–20 July 2005
Shimada S, Komamura K, Kumagai H, Sakurai H (2004) Inhibitory activity of shiitake flavor against platelet aggregation. Bio Factors 22(1–4):177–179
Shimon LJ, Rabinkov A, Shin I, Miron T, Mirelman D, Wilchek M, Frolow F (2007) Two structures of alliinase from Alliium sativum L.: apo form and ternary complex with aminoacrylate reaction intermediate covalently bound to the PLP cofactor. J Mol Biol 366:611–625
Slusarenko AJ, Patel A, Portz D (2008) Control of plant diseases by natural products: allicin from garlic as a case study. Eur J Plant Pathol 121(3):313–322
Small LD, Bailey JH, Cavallito CJ (1947) Alkyl thiolsulfinates. J Am Chem Soc 69(7):1710–1713
Small LD, Bailey JH, Cavallito CJ (1949) Comparison of some properties of thiosulfinates and thiosulfonates. J Am Chem Soc 71(10)
Steudel R (2002) The chemistry of organic polysulfanes R-S-n-R (n > 2). Chem Rev 102(11):3905–3945
Tatarintsev AV, Vrzheshch PV, Schegolev AA, Yershov DE, Turgiev AS, Varfolomeyev SD, Kornilayeva GV, Makarova TV, Karamov EV (1992) Ajoene antagonizes integrin-dependent processes in HIV-infected T-lymphoblasts. Aids 6(10):1215–1217
Tilli CMLJ, Stavast-Kooy AJW, Vuerstaek JDD, Thissen MRTM, Krekels GAM, Ramaekers FCS, Neumann HAM (2003) The garlic-derived organosulfur component ajoene decreases basal cell carcinoma tumor size by inducing apoptosis. Arch Dermatol Res 295(3):117–123
Tsao SM, Yin MC (2001) In vitro antimicrobial activity of four diallyl sulphides occurring naturally in garlic and Chinese leek oils. J Med Microbiol 50(7):646–649
Urbina JA, Marchan E, Lazardi K, Visbal G, Apitz-Castro R, Gil F, Aguirre T, Piras MM, Piras R (1993) Inhibition of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and cell proliferation in trypanosoma cruzi by ajoene, an antiplatelet compound isolated from garlic. Biochem Pharmacol 45(12):2381–2387
Vaidya V, Ingold KU, Pratt DA (2009) Garlic: source of the ultimate antioxidants-sulfenic acids. Angew Chem-Int Ed 48(1):157–160
Van Etten HD, Mansfield JW, Bailey JA, Farmer EE (1994) Two classes of plant antibiotics: phytoalexins versus “phytoanticipins”. Plant Cell 6(9):1191–1192
Voigt M, Wolf E (1986) Knoblauch: HPLC-Bestimmung von Knoblauchwirkstoffen in Extrakten, Pulver und Fertigarzneimitteln. Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 126:591–593
Wills ED (1956) Enzyme inhibition by allicin, the active principle of garlic. Biochem J 63(3):514–520
Wratten SJ, Faulkner DJ (1976) Cyclic polysulfides from the red alga Chondria Californica. J Org Chem 41(14):2465–2467
Xiao D, Zeng Y, Hahm ER, Kim YA, Ramalingam S, Singh SV (2009) Diallyl trisulfide selectively causes Bax- and Bak-mediated apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. Environ Mol Mutagen 50(3):201–212
Yang JS, Chen GW, Hsia TC, Ho HC, Ho CC, Lin MW, Lin SS, Yeh RD, Ip SW, Lu HF, Chung JG (2009) Diallyl disulfide induces apoptosis in human colon cancer cell line (COLO 205) through the induction of reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, caspases casade and mitochondrial-dependent pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 47(1):171–179
Yasumoto K, Iwami K, Mitsuda H (1971) Studies on shiitake flavor 1, new sulfur-containing peptide from lentinus-edodes acting as a precursor for lenthionine. Agr Biol Chem Tokyo 35(13):2059
Yoshida S, Kasuga S, Hayashi N, Ushiroguchi T, Matsuura H, Nakagawa S (1987) Antifungal activity of ajoene derived from garlic. Appl Environ Microb 53(3):615–617
Zhang WL, Ha MW, Gong YH, Xu Y, Dong NA, Yuan YA (2010) Allicin induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Oncol Rep 24(6):1585–1592
Zheng DX, Zhang SQ, Zhao S, Min JM, Wang K, Liu SL (1998) Z-ajoene induces tumor cells to die by apoptosis. Chinese Sci Bull 43(13):1135–1140
Acknowledgment
Ifeanyi D. Nwachukwu was supported by funding from the European Community’s 7th Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement No: 215009.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nwachukwu, I.D., Slusarenko, A.J. (2014). Thiosulfinates, Organic Polysulfanes, and Related Compounds: From an Unusual Chemistry Toward a Wealth of Potential Applications. In: Jacob, C., Kirsch, G., Slusarenko, A., Winyard, P., Burkholz, T. (eds) Recent Advances in Redox Active Plant and Microbial Products. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8953-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8953-0_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-017-8952-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-8953-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)