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Membrane Interactions and Cellular Effects of MACPF/CDC Proteins

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MACPF/CDC Proteins - Agents of Defence, Attack and Invasion

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 80))

Abstract

The cell membrane is crucial for protection of the cell from its environment. MACPF/CDC proteins are a large superfamily known to be essential for bacterial pathogenesis and proper functioning of the immune system. The three most studied groups of MACPF/CDC proteins are cholesterol-dependant cytolysins from bacteria, the membrane attack complex of complement and human perforin. Their primary function is to form transmembrane pores in target cell membranes. The common mechanism of action comprises water-soluble monomeric proteins binding to the host cell membrane, oligomerization, and formation of a functional pore. This causes a disturbance in gradients of ions and other molecules across the membrane and can lead to cell death. Cells react to this form of attack in a complex manner. Responses can be general, like removing the perforated part of the membrane, or more specific, in many cases depending on binding of proteins to specific receptors to trigger various signalling cascades.

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Abbreviations

AA:

Amino acid

CDC:

Cholesterol-dependent cytolysin

LLO:

Listeriolysin O

MAC:

Membrane attack complex

PFN:

Perforin

PFO:

Perfringolysin O

PFP:

Pore-forming proteins

PFT:

Pore-forming toxin

TgPLP1:

Toxoplasma gondii perforin-like protein 1

PLY:

Pneumolysin

SLO:

Streptolysin O

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Slovenian Research Agency for a financial support.

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  1. Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Miša Mojca Cajnko, Marjetka Podobnik & Gregor Anderluh

  2. Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Miha Mikelj, Tom Turk & Gregor Anderluh

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  1. Miša Mojca Cajnko
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  1. National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Gregor Anderluh

  2. Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom

    Robert Gilbert

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Cajnko, M.M., Mikelj, M., Turk, T., Podobnik, M., Anderluh, G. (2014). Membrane Interactions and Cellular Effects of MACPF/CDC Proteins. In: Anderluh, G., Gilbert, R. (eds) MACPF/CDC Proteins - Agents of Defence, Attack and Invasion. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 80. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8881-6_7

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