Skip to main content

The Teacher-Student Relationship in One-to-One Singing Lessons: An Investigation of Personality and Adult Attachment

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Teaching Singing in the 21st Century

Part of the book series: Landscapes: the Arts, Aesthetics, and Education ((LAAE,volume 14))

Abstract

The characteristic isolation of one-to-one singing lessons based on two elements confined to work together over time implies strong adaptation in order for the ultimate goal of teaching artistic individuality, maturity and independence to be achieved. In a functional relationship there is space for all attributes to be developed whereas in relationships without solid compatibility, the student’s development might be compromised.

This chapter presents the singing setting in a multidirectional perspective giving voice to both teachers and students. The teacher-student dyads were video recorded in their lessons during one academic year. The behaviours were analysed and complemented with the psychological questionnaires NEO PI-R (Costa and McCrae1992) and Adult Attachment Scale (Collins and Read 1990) to evaluate personality and attachment respectively. This approach was developed in order to: contextualize the singing teacher-student relationship; profile personality and adult attachment characteristics in singing teachers and students; report stable characteristics of the relationships; distinguish functional from dysfunctional singing teacher-student relationships; indicate the usefulness of using personality and adult attachment instruments for understanding the singing relationships.

This study contributes to the clarification of teacher-students’ relationship. The combination of observational studies with the data from psychological instruments provided a more accurate indication that singing teachers and students tend to behave according to their personal and psychological characterisation, which takes the understanding of singing lessons into a more objective setting. These findings are of relevance for heads of vocal departments, singing teachers and students by providing means of predicting, interpreting and supporting relational quality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ainsworth, M., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Hillsdale: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson, L. (1997). Attachment and psychopathology: From laboratory to clinic. In L. Atkinson & K. J. Zucker (Eds.), Attachment and psychopathology (pp. 3–16). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bäckström, M. (2001). Measuring adult attachment: A construct validation of two self–report instruments. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 42, 79–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartholomew, R. (1990). Avoidance of intimacy: An attachment perspective. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 7, 147–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bayley, T. M. (2006). The relationship between adult attachment and physical health, with a specific focus on the adjustment to infertility. Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Sheffield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, C. R., & Cresswell, A. (1984). Personality differences among musical instrumentalists. Psychology of Music, 12, 83–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berman, W. H., Marcus, L., & Berman, E. R. (1994). Attachment in marital relations. In M. B. Sperling & W. H. Berman (Eds.), Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives (pp. 204–231). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canavarro, M. C. (1999). Inventário de sintomas psicopatológicos – BSI. In M. R. Simões, M. Gonçalves, & L. S. Almeida (Eds.), Testes e Provas Psicológicas em Portugal (Vol. II). Braga: APPORT/SHO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carver, C. S. (1997). Adult attachment and personality: Converging evidence and a new measure. Bulletin of Personality and Social Psychology, 23, 865–883.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Swami, V., Furnham, A., & Maakip, I. (2009). The big five personality traits and uses of music: A replication in Malaysia using structural equation modeling. Journal of Individual Differences, 30, 20–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, N. L., & Read, S. J. (1990). Adult attachment relationships, working models and relationship quality in dating couples. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 644–683.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. P. (1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources.

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa, P. T., Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (2000). NEO PI-R Manual Professional (NEO PI-R), Inventário de Personalidade NEO Revisto. Lisboa: CEGOG-TEA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniel, R. (2006). Exploring music instrument teaching and learning environments: Video analysis as a means of elucidating process and learning outcomes. Music Education Research, 8, 191–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, J. W., Moore, D. G., Sloboda, J. A., & Howe, M. J. (1998). Characteristics of music teachers and the progress of young instrumentalists. Journal of Research in Music Education, 46, 141–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeNovellis, R., & Lawrence, G. (1983). Correlations of teacher personality variables (Myers-Briggs) and classroom observation data. Research in Psychological Type, 6, 37–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dews, B., & Williams, M. S. (1989). Student musicians’ personality styles, stresses, and coping patterns. Psychology of Music, 17, 37–47.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dozier, M., & Tyrell, C. (1998). The role of attachment in therapeutic relationships. In J. A. Simpson & W. S. Rhodes (Eds.), Attachment theory and close relationships (pp. 221–248). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dozier, M., Stovall, K. C., & Albus, K. E. (1999). Attachment and psychopathology in adulthood. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 497–519). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryer, D. C., & Horowitz, L. M. (1997). When do opposites attract? Interpersonal complementarity versus similarity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 592–603.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dwyer, D. (2000). Interpersonal relationships. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feeney, J. (1999). Adult romantic attachment and couple relationships. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 355–377). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feeney, J. A., Noller, P., & Callan, V. J. (1994). Attachment style, communication and satisfaction in the early years of marriage. In K. Bartholomew & D. Perlman (Eds.), Advances in personal relationships (Vol. 5, pp. 269–308). London: Jessica Kingsley.

    Google Scholar 

  • George, C., Kaplan, N., & Main, M. (1984). Attachment interview for adults. Unpublished manuscript, University of California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodstein, R. E. (1987). An investigation into leadership behaviours and descriptive characteristics of high school band directors in the United States. Journal of Research in Music Education, 35, 13–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, M. T. (1999). Attachment and psychopathology in childhood. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 469–496). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallam, S. (1998). Instrumental teaching: A practical guide to better teaching and learning. Oxford: Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 511–524.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hepler, L. E. (1986). The measurement of teacher-student interaction in private music lessons and its relationship to the field dependence/field independence. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Case Western Reserve University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holtzworth-Munroe, A., Stuart, G. L., & Hutchinson, G. (1997). Violent versus nonviolent husbands: Differences in attachment patterns, dependency, and jealousy. Journal of Family Psychology, 11, 314–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, V. A. (1982). Artistry: The work of artists. Indianápolis: Hackett.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jäncke, L., & Sandmann, P. (2010). Music listening while you learn: No influence of background music on verbal learning. Behavioral and Brain Functions. doi:10.1186/1744-9081-6-3.

  • Kemp, A. E. (2004). The musical temperament: Psychology and personality of musicians. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennell, R. (2002). Systematic research in studio instruction in music. In R. Colwell & C. Richardson (Eds.), The new handbook of research on music teaching and learning (pp. 243–256). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkpatrick, L. A. (1999). Attachment and religious representations and behavior. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 803–822). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirkpatrick, L. A., & Davis, K. E. (1994). Attachment style, gender, and relationship stability: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 502–512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurdek, L. A. (2002). On being insecure about the assessment of attachment styles. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 19, 811–834.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kurdek, L. A., & Schmitt, J. P. (1986). Relationship quality of partners in heterosexual married, heterosexual cohabiting, and gay and lesbian relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 711–720.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lions-Ruth, K., & Jacobvitz, D. (1999). Attachment disorganization: unresolved loss, relational violence, and lapses in behavioural and attachment strategies. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 520–554). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Livingston, E. (1987). Making sense of ethnomethodology. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mallinckrodt, B., Cocle, H. M., & Gantt, D. L. (1995). Working alliance, attachment memories, and social competencies of woman in brief therapy. Journal of Counselling Psychology, 42, 79–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mason, D. (2000). The teaching (and learning) of singing. In J. Potter (Ed.), The Cambridge companion to singing (pp. 204–220). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Mohr, J. J. (1999). Same-sex romantic attachment. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 378–394). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, S., Garivaldis, F. J., & Toukhsati, S. R. (2006). The perceived similarity of other individuals: The contaminating effects of familiarity and neuroticism. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 401–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pembrook, R., & Craig, C. (2002). Teaching as profession: Two variations on a theme. In R. Colwell & C. Richardson (Eds.), The new handbook of research on music teaching and learning (pp. 786–817). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Persson, R. (1996). Brilliant performers as teachers: A case study of commonsense teaching in a conservatoire setting. International Journal of Music Education, 28, 25–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pianta, R. C. (1997). Adult-child relationship processes and early schooling. Early Education and Development, 8, 11–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Presland, C. (2005). Conservatoire student and instrumental professor: The student perspective on a complex relationship. British Journal of Music Education, 22, 237–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, A. (2001). Variations in the ways that instrumental and vocal students experience learning music. Music Education Research, 3, 25–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roe, A. (1958). The psychology of occupations. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schechtman, Z. (1989). The contribution of interpersonal behaviour to the prediction of initial teaching success: A research note. Teaching and Teachers Education, 5, 243–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, C. P. (1989). Individual differences in perception of applied feedback. Psychology of Music, 17, 110–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaver, P. R., & Brennan, K. A. (1992). Attachment styles and the ‘big five’ personality traits: Their connections with each other and with romantic relationship outcomes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 536–545.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shaver, P. R., & Fraley, R. C. (2004). Self-report measures of adult attachment. University of Illinois. Available online at. http://www.psych.uiuc.edu/~rcfraley/measures/measures.html. Accessed 22 Jan 2009.

  • Shaver, P. R., Hazan, C., & Bradshaw, D. (1988). Love as attachment: The integration of three behavioral systems. In J. Sternberg & M. L. Barnes (Eds.), The psychology of love (pp. 68–99). New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiota, M., & Levenson, R. (2007). Birds of a feather don’t always fly farthest: Similarity in big five personality predicts more negative marital satisfaction trajectories in long-term marriages. Psychology and Aging, 22, 666–675.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shiota, M. N., Keltner, D., & John, O. P. (2006). Positive emotion disposition differentially associated with big five personality and attachment style. Journal of Positive Psychology, 1, 61–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simpson, J. A. (1990). Influence of attachment styles on romantic relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, 971–980.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Slade, A. (1999). Attachment theory and research: Implications for the theory and practice on individual psychotherapy with adults. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research and clinical applications (pp. 575–594). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soares, I. (2007). Desenvolvimento da teoria e da investigação da vinculação. In I. Soares (Ed.), Relações de Vinculação ao Longo do Desenvolvimento: Teoria e Avaliação (pp. 13–46). Braga: Psiquilibrios.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sperling, M., & Lyons, L. (1994). Representations of attachment and psychotherapeutic change. In M. B. Sperling & W. H. Berman (Eds.), Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives (pp. 331–348). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sroufe, L. A., Carlson, E., Levy, A., & Egelang, B. (1999). Implications of attachment theory for developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 11, 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torgersen, A. M., Grova, B. K., & Sommerstad, R. (2007). A pilot study of attachment patterns in adult twins. Attachment and Human Development, 9, 127–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vaughn, B. E., & Bost, K. K. (1999). Attachment and temperament: Redundant, independent, or interacting influences on interpersonal adaptation and personality development? In J. Cassidy & P. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment (pp. 198–225). New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, R. S. (1991). The attachment bond in childhood and adulthood. In C. M. Parkes, J. Stevenson-Hinde, & P. Harris (Eds.), Attachment across the life cycle (pp. 66–67). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • West, M., & Sheldon-Keller, A. E. (1994). Psychotherapy strategies for insecure attachment in personality disorders. In M. B. Sperling & W. H. Berman (Eds.), Attachment in adults: Clinical and developmental perspectives (pp. 313–330). New York: Guildford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wink, R. L. (1970). The relationship of self-concept and selected personality variables to achievement in music student teaching. Journal of Research in Music Education, 18, 234–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wubbenhorst, T. M. (1991). Music educators’ personality types as measured by the Myers-Briggs type indicator. Contributions to Music Education, 18, 7–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, M. (1990). Characteristics of high potential and at risk teachers. Action in Teacher Education, 11, 33–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sofia Serra-Dawa .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Serra-Dawa, S. (2014). The Teacher-Student Relationship in One-to-One Singing Lessons: An Investigation of Personality and Adult Attachment. In: Harrison, S., O'Bryan, J. (eds) Teaching Singing in the 21st Century. Landscapes: the Arts, Aesthetics, and Education, vol 14. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8851-9_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics