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Counter-Intelligence as a Chaotic Phenomenon and Its Importance in National Security

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Chaos Theory in Politics

Part of the book series: Understanding Complex Systems ((UCS))

Abstract

In today’s rapidly changing globalized world, remarkably fast and important developments have been faced in the area of national security as in almost all other areas. Advancements in communication and transportation technologies have removed physical boundaries almost completely. National security institutions now have to fight against new and complicated security threats that go beyond the boundaries such as organized crimes and terror crimes. These ever-changing threats and dangerous environment which become more and more complex every single day force nations to review their current security structures and to take new and effective measures in the required areas in order to ensure their national security. As a matter of fact, counter-intelligence, which was quite important due to the frequency of spying acts during the Cold War but lost its importance after the Cold War had ended, has been one of these measures. Today, counterintelligence has once again become one of the most important functions in the fight against national security threats with changing dimensions. It is only possible for a nation to ensure its national security fully by having not only a defensive and passive approach but also offensive counter-intelligence.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In the United States of America, the National Security Act established the Central Intelligence Agency in 1947 ([32]: 3). The Department of Energy and Department of State as well as CIA and FBI are all involved in counter-intelligence activities in the area of national security ([22]: 28). Furthermore, with the Counterintelligence Enhancement Act approved in 2002, National Counterintelligence Executive -NCIX, National Counterintelligence Policy Board and Office of the National CI Executive-ONCIX were established in order to define and evaluate intelligence threats towards the United States, to determine the priorities of CI agencies, and enable them to fulfil their counterintelligence tasks better, to be sure that CI agencies fulfil their responsibilities in an effective and efficient manner and to ensure the integration of CI activities throughout the US ([28]: 37).

  2. 2.

    Since the issue is not the main argument of this study, it is mentioned only briefly.

  3. 3.

    In the USA, motivation was mostly ideological in spying events in 1930s and 1940s, motivation was financial and sometimes emotional instabilities in 1970s ([24]: 107).

  4. 4.

    In the USA, the first system to classify the important documents for national security was implemented by the Department of War in 1912. During the presidency of Harry Truman, a classification system was implemented for all government institutions implemented for the first time. In 1995, during the presidency of President Clinton, definitions, rules and procedures in this regard were put forward and the foundation of the current system in the USA was laid ([24]: 99–100).

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Security Sciences Institute, Turkish National Police Academy, Ankara, Turkey

    Gökhan Kuloğlu & Zakir Gül

  2. Hacettepe University and International Science Association, Ankara, Turkey

    Şefika Şule Erçetin

Authors
  1. Gökhan Kuloğlu
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  2. Zakir Gül
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  3. Şefika Şule Erçetin
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Correspondence to Gökhan Kuloğlu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Mathematical Research, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia

    Santo Banerjee

  2. Hacettepe University and International Science Association, Ankara, Turkey

    Şefika Şule Erçetin

  3. Yaşar University, Izmir, Turkey

    Ali Tekin

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Kuloğlu, G., Gül, Z., Erçetin, Ş.Ş. (2014). Counter-Intelligence as a Chaotic Phenomenon and Its Importance in National Security. In: Banerjee, S., Erçetin, Ş., Tekin, A. (eds) Chaos Theory in Politics. Understanding Complex Systems. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8691-1_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8691-1_11

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