Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

The Soils of Serbia pp 101–156Cite as

Order of Automorphic Soils

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 413 Accesses

Part of the book series: World Soils Book Series ((WSBS))

Abstract

Automorphic soils are characterized by wetting through precipitation only with no additional wetting. Water percolates through the soil profile freely without any prolonged retention on the impermeable horizon. These soils predominate in Serbia, covering approximately 66,323.58 km2 or 74.9% of the land area and this order is divided into six classes according to the degree of profile development.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Antić M, Jović N (1965) Genesis and properties of the forest-hunting region of Belje. Deer Belgrade 3:25–36 (Special Edition by the Belje Research Centre Belgrade, in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Antić M, Mišić V (1971) Ecology of nut (Juglans regia L.) in Đerdapska gorge klisuri. Ekologija Belgrade 6(1):87–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Antić M, Avdalović V, Jović N (1963) Genesis and properties of soils on the limestone part of Mt. Tara. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 34/68 (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Antić M, Jović N, Avdalović V (1967) Pedological study in some forest communities in Đerdap area. Institute for the Nature Protection of Serbia, Belgrade

    Google Scholar 

  • Antić M, Jovanović B, Jović N, Munkačević V, Nikolandić S (1972) Forest types in the forest-hunting region of Belje. Current problems facing forestry, the wood industry, and horticulture. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 15–22 (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Antić M, Jović N, Avdalović V (1982) Pedology. Scientific Book, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Avdalović V (1975) Genesis and properties of brown acid soils of the Federal Republic of Serbia. Doctoral dissertation. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade Ser E 47/75 (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bazilevič, NI, Rodin LE (1964) The biological cycle of ash elements and nitrogen for the principal zones of Northern hemispheres. In Proceedings of 8th international conference on soil science, Bucharest, Romania, pp. 833–844

    Google Scholar 

  • Belanović S, Košanin O (2005) Exchangeable cations in some soils of Stara planina. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 91:63–76 (in Serbian)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blackmore LC, Searle PL, Day BK (1987) Methods of chemical analyses of soils. New Zealand Soil Bureau Scientific Report 80, DSIRO, New Zealand

    Google Scholar 

  • Ćirić M, Aleksandrović D (1959) A view on the genesis of terra rossa. A view on the genesis of terra rossa. In: Proc Fac Agric Belgrade Univ 7:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Čokeša V, Miletić Z, Stajić S (2007) Indicator flora in the mountain beech forest (Fagetum moesiace montanum) on acid soils on gneiss in the MU (Management Unit) of Kacer-Zelenicje (South-eastern Serbia). In: 9th symposium on flora of South-eastern Serbia and neighbouring regions, Niš (Serbia), pp 137–143, 1–3 Sept 2007 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • COST (2002) Soil resources of European volcanic systems. European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research

    Google Scholar 

  • Cvjetićanin R, Knežević M (2000) Vegetation and soils of Oplenac. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 83:165–178 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinić A, Pavlović P, Mitrović M, Đurđević L, Kostić O (2001) The effects of the spruce silviculture on the beech forest habitat on Maljen Mt. in Western Serbia. In: Radouglu K (ed) International conference: forest research: a challenge for an integrated European Approach, Thessaloniki, Greece, vo II, pp 559–565

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinić A, Mišić V, Topalović M, Pavlović P (2002) Forest vegetation of Radan Mt. Area of exquisite characteristics, Institute for the Nature Protection of Serbia, Serbia, pp 77–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Djurdjević L, Mitrović M, Pavlović P, Gajić G, Kostić O (2006) Phenolic acids as bioindicators of fly ash deposit revegetation. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 50:488–495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dokuchaev VV (1883/1948) Russian Chernozem. In: Selected works of VV Dokuchaev. Moscow 1:14–419 (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Duchaufour Ph (1965) Précis de pédologie. Masson, France, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Fieldes M, Perrott KW (1966) The nature of allophane in soils. III. Rapid field and laboratory test for allophane. New Zealand J Sci 9:623–629

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filipovski G, Ćirić M (1963) Soils of Yugoslavia. Yugoslav Society of Soil Science, Belgrade

    Google Scholar 

  • Gajić B, Tapanarova A, Tomić Z, Kresović B, Vujović D, Pejić B (2013a) Land use effects on aggregation and erodibility of Luvisols on undulating slopes. Aust J Crop Sci 7(8):1198–1204

    Google Scholar 

  • Gajić G, Pavlović P, Kostić O, Jarić S, Djurdjević L, Pavlović D, Mitrović M (2013b) Ecophysiological and biochemical traits of three herbaceous plants growing on the disposed coal combustion fly ash of different weathering stage. Arch Biol Sci Belgrade 65(4):1651–1667

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Galić Z (2014) Monitoring of microclimatic conditions and soil moisture in Quercetum frainetto-cerris stand on cambisol. Poplar Novi Sad 193(194):37–45 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Galić Z, Ivanišević P, Orlović S, Pekeč S (2009) Soil characteristics of the sites in protective forests in the lowland part of Vojvodina. Forest Belgrade 3–4:29–38 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones JB, Segnit ER (1971) The nature of opal. I. Nomenclature and constituent phases. J Geol Soc Australia 18:57–68

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jović N (1965) The characteristics of acid soils and browned humus siliceous soils in the association Piceetum excelsae serbicum silicicolum on Kopaonik. Master’s thesis. Bull Fac Forest, Belgrade 38 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jović N (1966) Podzolic brown soils in Serbia, theit genesis and characteristics. Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade University

    Google Scholar 

  • Jović N (1969) Character and group and fractional composition of the humus of the evolutionary series of soils on limestone under Bosnian pine (Pinetum heldreichii). Soil Plant Belgrade 18(1–3):59–70 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jović N (1973) Brown podzolic soils of Serbia—genesis and properties. Bull Fac Forest, Belgrade Ser E 42:1–88 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jović N, Jović D (1972) Soils in virgin forests of Bosnian pine and their productive traits. Soil Plant Belgrade 21(2) (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jović D, Jovanović B, Jović N, Stefanović V, Burlica Č, Cestar D, Gašperšič F (1976) Using a typology in contemporary forest management in Yugoslavia. Bull Fac Fores Belgrade 53:5–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Cvjetićanin R (2003) Soils and beech communities in a series of sample plots on the Kučaj Mountains. Forest Belgrade 1–2:113–124 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Košanin O (2002) Edaphic potential of beech forests on Brezovica. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 86:135–145 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Košanin O (2004) Soils in montane beech communities on limestone terrains on Mt. Ozren. Forest Belgrade 3:87–95 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Košanin O (2006) Characteristics of acric luvisol on the limestones of Mt. Magleš. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 93:97–104 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Košanin O (2009) Genesis and characteristics of soils in the A-R stage in forest ecosystems of Tara National Park. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 99:75–90 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Košanin O (2010) Rendzinas in the community of beech, fir and spruce with Scots pine in Tara National Park. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 101:101–112 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knežević M, Babić V, Galić Z, Košanin O (2011) Soil properties in sessile oak forests (Quercetum montanum typicum Čer. et Jov. 1953) in the area of Fruška Gora. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 104:97–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolarić LJ, Živanović LJ, Popović V, Ikanović J (2014) Influence of inter-row spacing and cultivar on the yield components of soybean (Glycine Max. [L.] Merr.). Agri For 60(2):167–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Košanin O, Gajić B (2008) Characteristics of some serpentinite soils in Austrian pine stands in the area of Divčibare-Bukovi. Forest Belgrade 4:89–98 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Košanin O, Knežević M (2002) Characteristics of organic matter of soil at the A-C stage in grass communities at Deliblato Sands. In: 7th symposium on flora of South-Eastern Serbia and neighbouring regions, Dimitrovgrad (Yugoslavia), pp 53–59, June 5–9, 2002 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Košanin O, Knežević M (2005) Production potential of the soil in sessile oak coppice forests. Bull Fac Forest Belgrade 92:87–97 (in Serbian)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Košanin O, Knežević M (2007) Forest soils in the ‘Čezava’ Management Unit in ‘Đerdap’ National Park. Forest Belgrade 1–2:25–38 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostić O (2007) The influence of a monoculture of spruce and Douglas fir on the pedogenesis and properties of soil on Maljen. Master’s thesis, Faculty of Forestry, Belgrade University, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostić N, Dugalić G, Tomić Z, Jovšić D (2005) Mineral and chemical composition of soils developed on volcanic tephra of Radočelo, Igroš and Takovo. Publication of XI Congress DPZ-SCG, Budva, pp 126–137

    Google Scholar 

  • Kostić O, Mitrović M, Knežević M, Jarić S, Gajić G, Djurdjević L, Pavlović P (2012a) The potential of four woody species for the revegetation of fly ash deposits of ‘Nikola Tesla-A’ thermoelectric plant (Obrenovac, Serbia. Arch Biol Sci Belgrade 64(1):145–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kostić O, Mitrović M, Jarić S, Đurđević L, Gajić G, Pavlović M, Pavlović P (2012b) The effects of forty years of spruce cultivation in a zone of beech forest on Mt. Maljen (Serbia). Arch Biol Sci Belgrade 64(3):1181–1195

    Google Scholar 

  • Kovda VA (1973) The principles of soil science. Sci Moscow (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Marković M, Cupać S, Đurović R, Milinović J, Kljajić P (2010) Assessment of heavy metal and pesticide levels in soil and plant products from agricultural area of Belgrade, Serbia. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 58:341–351

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milivojević JŽ, Đalović IG, Jelić MŽ, Trifunović SR, Bogdanović DM, Milošev DS, Nedeljković BD, Bjelić DĐ (2011) Distribution and forms of manganese in vertisols of Serbia. J Serb Chem Soc 76(8):1177–1190

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitrović M, Pavlović P, Lakušić D, Stevanović B, Djurdjević L, Gajić G, Kostić O (2008) The potential of Festuca rubra and Calamagrostis epigejos for the revegetation on fly ash deposits. Sci Tot Environ 407:338–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitrović M, Kostić O, Jarić S, Karadžić B, Djurdjević L, Gajić G, Lj Oberan, Pavlović D, Pavlović M, Pavlović P (2012) Photosynthetic efficiency of four woody species growing on fly ash deposits of a Serbian ‘Nikola Tesla—A’ thermoelectric plant. Polish J Environ Stud 21(5):1339–1347

    Google Scholar 

  • Mizota C, van Reeuwijk PL (1989) Clay mineralogy and chemistry of soils formed in volcanic material in diverse climatic regions. In: Soil monograph 2. International Soil Reference and Information Centre (ISRIC), Wageningen, Netherlands

    Google Scholar 

  • Muckenhausen E (1962) Entstehung. Eigenschaften und Systematik der Boden der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Frankfurt am Main, DLG-Verlag

    Google Scholar 

  • Neugebauer V, Zakosek H (1962) Die smonitza, Notizbl. Hess. Bodenforsch, No 90, Wiesenbanden

    Google Scholar 

  • Parfitt RL, Childs CW, Eden DN (1988) Ferrihydrite and Allophane in Four Andepts from Hawaii and implication for their classification. Geoderma 41:223–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavićević N (1953) Types of soils at Suva planina. Plant Soil, Belgrade, year II, No.1, Belgrade

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavićević N (1956) Buavice the Montenegrin karst. Agricultural and Forestry Chamber of NR Montenegro, Belgrade

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavlović P (1992) Analysis of litter and humus condition in forest communities on Mt. Cer. Master’s thesis, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade University, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavlović P (1998) Pedological components of the metabolism of some forest communities on Mt. Maljen. Doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade University, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavlović P, Mitrović M (2013) Thermal power plants in Serbia—the impact of ash on soil and plants. In: Anđelković M (ed) Energy and the environment, scientific meetings, Book 4, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts (SANU), Belgrade, pp 429–433 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavlović P, Topalović M (2002) Pedological bonity characteristics of Mt Radan. Area of exquisite characteristics (Radan). Institute for the Nature Protection of Serbia, Serbia and Montenegro, pp 38–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavlović P, Mitrović M, Djurdjević L (2004) An ecophysiological study of plants growing on fly ash deposits from the ‘Nikola Tesla-A’ thermal power station in Serbia. Environ Manage 33:654–663

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlović P, Mitrović M, Djurdjević L, Gajić G, Kostić O, Bojović S (2007) Ecological potential of Spiraea van-hauttei (Briot) Zabel for urban (Belgrade city) and fly ash deposit (Obrenovac) landscaping in Serbia. Polish J Environ Stud 16(3):427–431

    Google Scholar 

  • Pivić et al (2008) Research project: Study into the degree of threat to soil and water from hazardous and harmful materials in the neighbourhood beside the ash deposit site in the municipality of Obrenovac. Soil Science Institute, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pivić et al (2014) Research project: Soil amelioration in the municipality of Veliko Gradište aimed at high-value food production. Soil Science Institute, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shoji S, Nanzyo M, Dahlgren AR, Quantin P (1996) Evaluation and proposed revision of criteria for andosol in WRB for soil resources. Soil Sci 161(9):604–615

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sibirtsev NM (1895) Genetische Bodenklassifikation. Zap. Nova-Alexandr. Agr. Inst, pp 1–23 (in Russian, quoted by Kubiena 1953)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sibirtsev NM (1896) Soil classification as applied to Russia. St. Petersburg (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sibirtsev NM (1953) Selected works. Sel’khozizdat, Moscow 3:396–420

    Google Scholar 

  • Škorić A, Filipovski G, Ćirić M (1985) Classification of Yugoslav soils. p 72, Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Special edition, Book 78, Sarajevo (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stebut AI (1923) Types of land in the Shumadie area. Bull Serb R Acad, SU, Belgrade (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stebut A (1924) Soils of the Drina/Sava/Morava regions and their agricultural value. Belgrade (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stebut IA (1953) Agropedology. Part 3. Scientific Book, Belgrade (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomić Z, Kostić N, Nešić Lj, Belić M (2005) Mineral and chemical composition of soils developed on quartz-latite in Fruška Gora (in Serbian). In: XI Congress DPZ-SCG, Budva, Proceedngs, pp 198–207

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomić Z, Kostić N, Jovšić D, Lj Nešić, Belić M (2008) Mineral composition of soil developed on vulcanites of Fruška Gora (Serbia). Acta biologica Iugoslavica - Series A: Soil Plant, Belgrade 57(1):35–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Topalović M, Kostić NM, Pavlović P (2001) Contribution to the study of soils on vulcanites on Mt. Radan (Serbia). In: X Yugoslav Society of Soil Science Congress, 22–26 Oct 2001, Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia, Abstract 9 (in Serbian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Topalović M, Kostić NM, Pavlović P (2004) The first record of andosols in Serbia (Radan Mt.). Acta biologica Iugoslavica - series A: Soil Plant, Belgrade 53(2):147–158

    Google Scholar 

  • Wada K (1990) Minerals and mineral formation in soils derived from volcanic ash. Proc. In: 9th international clay conference, Strasbourg, pp 69–78

    Google Scholar 

  • World Reference Base (WRB) (1998) Diagnostic horizons, properties and materials. World Reference Base for Soil Resources, FAO, ISSS-AISS-IBG, IRSIC, Rome, Italy

    Google Scholar 

  • Živković M (1955) The genesis and the most important traits of eutric cambisol in Serbia. Soil Plant Belgrade 4(1–3):5–85 (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Živković M (1965) Contribution to the study of the genesis of humus-siliceous soils in Serbia. Soil Plant Belgrade 14(2):211–225 (in Serbo-Croatian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Živković BM, Neugebauer VK, Tanasijević Đ, Miljković N, Stojković L, Drezgić P (1972) Soils of Vojvodina. Institute for Agricultural Research, Novi Sad

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia

    Pavle Pavlović, Nikola Kostić, Branko Karadžić & Miroslava Mitrović

Authors
  1. Pavle Pavlović
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Nikola Kostić
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Branko Karadžić
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Miroslava Mitrović
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pavle Pavlović .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pavlović, P., Kostić, N., Karadžić, B., Mitrović, M. (2017). Order of Automorphic Soils. In: The Soils of Serbia. World Soils Book Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8660-7_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation