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Molecular Dynamics Probed by Short X-ray Pulses from a Synchrotron

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The Future of Dynamic Structural Science

Abstract

The intensity of single X-ray pulses from third generation synchrotrons like the ESRF, APS and Spring8 is now so high that it is feasible to conduct time resolved experiment with diffraction, scattering and spectroscopic techniques on samples ranging from small molecules to proteins, with 100 ps time resolution. This limit is dictated by the X-ray pulse length from a synchrotron. In a time-resolved X-ray experiment one first needs to initiate the process of interest in the sample and then open the X-ray shutter and record the signal as a function of time. In the experiments shown in this review, the signals are recorded on a large CCD detector in order to record the signal efficiently in space. Unfortunately, the time-resolution of current CCDs is still too slow, 100 μs at best, to be useful for monitoring molecular processes on molecular time scales. The only way to explore faster phenomena is to use the pump-probe method where the time resolution is obtained from varying the pump-probe delay. In the examples discussed here, the samples were excited by picosecond or nanosecond laser pulses and the excited samples were probed by 100 ps X-ray pulses from an undulator.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Experiments Division, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043, Grenoble, France

    Michael Wulff & Dmitry Khakhulin

  2. Division Expériences, Synchrotron Soleil, Saint-Aubin, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Qingyu Kong

  3. Department of Chemistry, Kaist, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea

    Jae Hyuk Lee

  4. Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea

    Tae Kyu Kim

  5. Institut de Physique, Université de Rennes 1, 35042, Rennes, France

    Marco Cammarata

  6. Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, Université Pierre & Marie Curie, 75252, Paris 05, France

    Savo Bratos & Jean-Claude Leichnam

  7. NIDDK, Laboratory of Chemical Physics, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892-0520, USA

    Friedrich Schotte & P. A. Anfinrud

Authors
  1. Michael Wulff
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  2. Qingyu Kong
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  3. Jae Hyuk Lee
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  4. Tae Kyu Kim
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  5. Marco Cammarata
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  6. Dmitry Khakhulin
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  7. Savo Bratos
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  8. Jean-Claude Leichnam
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  9. Friedrich Schotte
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  10. P. A. Anfinrud
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Wulff .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom

    Judith A.K. Howard

  2. School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

    Hazel A. Sparkes

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, United Kingdom

    Paul R. Raithby

  4. N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    Andrei V. Churakov

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Wulff, M. et al. (2014). Molecular Dynamics Probed by Short X-ray Pulses from a Synchrotron. In: Howard, J., Sparkes, H., Raithby, P., Churakov, A. (eds) The Future of Dynamic Structural Science. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series A: Chemistry and Biology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8550-1_19

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