Abstract
Optical remote sensing of surface waters has been used to monitor the impact of the Sassandra River—one of the four main rivers of Côte d’Ivoire—along the coast of the Gulf of Guinea. A 5-year (2003–2007) series of Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) images was chosen to identify (spectrally) the major constituents of coastal waters under the influence of river discharges. The percent contributions of yellow substance, i.e. coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM), chlorophyll-like pigments of phytoplankton (CHL) and suspended detritus (DET) to the total reflectance (approximated by the sum of reflectances at 443, 555 and 670 nm) were calculated. Ternary plots of these percentages provided some general indications about the relative proportions of CDOM, CHL and DET, according to the impact attributed to each water constituent. The analysis showed that water constituents follow trends linked to the “marine” seasons of the area. The CHL and DET contributions seem to correlate with the timing of cooler (upwelling) periods, while CDOM seems to correlate better with that of warmer periods. The relationship with the Sassandra river runoff is not as evident, even though CDOM increased contributions appear to mirror the weakening of upwelling and the discharge of local rivers. This broad ecosystem outline should be extended to the entire Côte d’Ivoire coastline, to better classify marine waters impacted by upwelling processes or anthropogenic pollution due to river runoff.
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Notes
- 1.
The data portal GES-DISC (Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center) Interactive Online Visualization ANd aNalysis Infrastructure, also known as GIOVANNI, is available at the address: http://gdata1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/G3/gui.cgi?instance_id=ocean_month.
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Acknowledgements
The SeaWiFS data used in this paper were obtained through the GIOVANNI online data system, developed and maintained by the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). The authors wish to express their gratitude to Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) Africa, Interim Guinea Current Commission (IGCC) Guinea Current Large Marine Ecosystem (GCLME) project, and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for the support granted to the present work. Special thanks are due to the Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission (EC) for the opportunity to publish in this volume devoted to the African Seas.
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Djagoua, E. et al. (2014). Water Constituents Assessment at the Sassandra River Mouth (Côte d’Ivoire): An Outline Based on Remote Sensing Reflectances. In: Barale, V., Gade, M. (eds) Remote Sensing of the African Seas. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8008-7_7
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