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Removal of Crude Oil Using a New Natural Fibre—Calotropis procera

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Natural Fibres: Advances in Science and Technology Towards Industrial Applications

Part of the book series: RILEM Bookseries ((RILEM,volume 12))

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Abstract

Human evolution and the increase in population are responsible for the emergence of different energy sources and the development of new products and technologies. One of these sources, the result of the industrial revolution and of great importance to the development of humanity, is petroleum, a substance composed primarily of hydrocarbons, which give rise to several other products such as fuels, lubricants, polymers, solvents, cooking gas, asphalt, fertilizers, and paints, among others. However, the incorrect storage and transport of this product can cause leaks and spills that generate huge damages to the environment and the economy. In environmental accidents involving oil spills in an aqueous medium, the difficulty of removing the oil has been one of the major challenges for the environment. Some of the materials used for this function are the synthetic non-biodegradable textile fibres, resulting in another environmental residue. The present research has been developed by a multidisciplinary team; Calotropis procera, a new fibre has been studied to be used in the sorption of oil spills, and an intensive research has been carried out to explore the possible potential of Calotropis procera fibres as bioadsorbents of petroleum in water. The choice of these fibers is due to their surface properties such as oleophylic and hydrophobic surface, their buoyancy and yet, being biodegradable natural polymers derived from the Brazilian Northeast region. An experimental planning was done and response surface methodology (RSM) was used by Design Expert software. The results were statistically efficient, obtaining a R2 = 0.9995. The fibers showed high adsorption efficiency, removing more than 90 % petroleum in water in both static and dynamic state.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Processes, Nanoscience and Functional Textiles Group, Department of Textile Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil

    J. H. O. Nascimento, K. K. O. S. Silva, C. F. Campos & R. L. Sivam

  2. Postgraduate in Mechanical Engineering, Center of Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-RN, Brazil

    M. P. G. Coelho, A. P. Silva & R. L. Sivam

  3. Federal Institute of the Sertão of Pernambuco-Petrolina Campus, Pernambuco, Brazil

    A. R. L. dos Santos

  4. Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil

    J. P. S. Morais

  5. Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA

    J. P. S. Morais

Authors
  1. J. H. O. Nascimento
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  2. M. P. G. Coelho
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  3. A. P. Silva
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  4. K. K. O. S. Silva
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  5. A. R. L. dos Santos
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  6. C. F. Campos
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  7. J. P. S. Morais
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  8. R. L. Sivam
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. H. O. Nascimento .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, University of Minho , Guimarães, Portugal

    Raul Fangueiro

  2. University of Minho , Guimarães, Portugal

    Sohel Rana

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© 2016 RILEM

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Nascimento, J.H.O. et al. (2016). Removal of Crude Oil Using a New Natural Fibre—Calotropis procera . In: Fangueiro, R., Rana, S. (eds) Natural Fibres: Advances in Science and Technology Towards Industrial Applications. RILEM Bookseries, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7515-1_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7515-1_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-017-7513-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-7515-1

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