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Cytochrome Complexes: Evolution, Structures, Energy Transduction, and Signaling pp 143–175Cite as

Cytochrome b 559 in Photosystem II

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Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 41))

Summary

The photosystem II core complex (PSIIcc) is a complicated membrane protein occurring in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms that catalyzes a key reaction, the light-induced oxidation of water. It consists of 17 membrane-spanning α-helical and three membrane-extrinsic protein subunits and binds nearly 100 cofactors. Among them is a heme protein composed of one heme b group ligated by two low molecular weight subunits with one transmembrane helix each, referred to as cytochrome (cyt) b 559. Despite extensive research, the role of cyt b 559 in PSIIcc is still not known. In the present chapter, the structure of cyt b 559 is reviewed based on recent crystallographic work together with its unusually complex redox behavior, and some ideas are discussed concerning a possible function of this unique heme protein.

Dedicated to the memory of Gernot Renger

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The subscript number refers to the first observation of cyt b 559 due to a difference spectrum peak at 559 nm (Boardman and Anderson 1967). Curiously, the absorption maximum was later found to be rather close to 560 nm (Tae et al. 1993), and it was proposed to use the notation “cyt b 560” (Cramer 2004). Nonetheless, the common nomenclature “cyt b 559” appears to be irreversibly established, so that we use it here.

Abbreviations

Car:

β-carotene

Chl:

Chlorophyll

Cyt:

Cytochrome

DCMU:

3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea

DQH2 :

Duroquinol

EPR:

Electron paramagnetic resonance

HP:

High potential

IP:

Intermediate potential

LMW:

Low molecular weight subunit

LP:

Low potential

PQ:

Plastoquinone

PQH2 :

Plastoquinol

PSII:

Photosystem II

PSIIcc:

Photosystem II core complex

RC:

Reaction center

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

RR:

Resonance Raman

TMH:

Trans-membrane helix

VLP:

Very low potential

WOC:

Water-oxidizing complex

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through SFB 1078 (project A5) and Cluster of Excellence “UniCat” coordinated by the Technische Universität Berlin (project E3/D3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Altenberger Strasse 69, A-4040, Linz, Austria

    Frank Müh

  2. Institut für Biologie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Leonor-Michaelis-Haus, Philippstrasse 13, D-10099, Berlin, Germany

    Athina Zouni

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Correspondence to Athina Zouni .

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

    William A. Cramer

  2. Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, USA

    Toivo Kallas

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Müh, F., Zouni, A. (2016). Cytochrome b 559 in Photosystem II. In: Cramer, W., Kallas, T. (eds) Cytochrome Complexes: Evolution, Structures, Energy Transduction, and Signaling. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 41. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7481-9_8

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