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Combining Bio- and Chemo-catalysis for the Sustainable Production of Chemicals

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Sustainable Production of Bulk Chemicals

Abstract

The combination of bio- and chemo-catalysis to form a single synthetic route is a powerful methodology for the improvement of chemical synthesis. The extreme methods of biocatalysis (whole cell and isolated enzyme) fulfill very different roles. Biocatalysis by isolated enzymes enables highly efficient chemical transformations of extremely high selectivity and low contamination; however, conditions and substrates are limited to a narrow range. Whole cell biocatalysis enables the conversion of crude substrates, such as those derived from biomass; however, the products tend to be impure and delivered in dilute aqueous solution. Chemocatalysis is a well-established technique, and the addition of chemical catalysis and chemocatalytic methods to biocatalysis enables synthetic chemists to avoid the shortcomings of a biocatalytic step. For example, in enzymatic catalysis the addition of a chemical catalyst can allow the conversion of a racemic alcohol to an enantiopure, instead of racemic, product. In whole cell biocatalysis chemical reagents can assist the separation, transformation, and further isolation of the functionality of interest. The cooperation of bio- and chemo-catalysts enables sustainable production of chemicals that would be impossible using biocatalysis alone, while achieving selectivities and using substrates not currently possible with chemocatalysis alone.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Belfast, UK

    Xiaohan Liu, Fabio Lorenzini & Andrew C. Marr

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  1. Xiaohan Liu
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  2. Fabio Lorenzini
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  1. Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and , Qingdao, China

    Mo Xian

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Liu, X., Lorenzini, F., Marr, A.C. (2016). Combining Bio- and Chemo-catalysis for the Sustainable Production of Chemicals. In: Xian, M. (eds) Sustainable Production of Bulk Chemicals. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7475-8_5

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