Abstract
Sedimentary rocks form from deposition and consolidation of older rock and mineral materials near or at the Earth’s surface in atmosphere or underwater, normally deposited in horizontal layers. The composing materials may have different sources: (1) lithic or mineral detritus from natural breakdown of pre-existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic) through weathering, erosion, transport, and deposition (clastic sediments), (2) chemical sediments formed by precipitation from solution (non-clastic), or (3) sediments of organic origin containing plant or animal remains and/or secretions. Compaction and consolidation occur in the upper crust, but by definition exclude formation of metamorphic minerals.
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Fernandes, I., Broekmans, M.A.T.M., Ribeiro, M.A., Sims, I. (2016). Sedimentary Rocks. In: Fernandes, I., Ribeiro, M., Broekmans, M., Sims, I. (eds) Petrographic Atlas: Characterisation of Aggregates Regarding Potential Reactivity to Alkalis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7383-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7383-6_3
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