Abstract
Ageing of bitumen leads to increased stiffness and brittleness. Thus, bituminous bound pavements become more prone to failure by low-temperature and fatigue cracking. Therefore, the ageing behavior of bitumen has a crucial impact on durability, as well as recyclability of pavements. To assess ageing of bitumen, RTFOT and PAV are standardized methods for short-term and long-term ageing in the lab. For lab-ageing of hot mix asphalt (HMA), various methods have been developed in the last decades. This paper presents an optimized lab-aging procedure (Viennese Aging Procedure—VAPro) for compacted HMA specimens to assess mix performance of long-term lab-aged specimens. Thus, it is possible to optimize mix design not only for short-term performance but to take into account effects of oxidative aging during its in-service life. VAPro is based on a triaxial cell with forced flow of a gaseous oxidant agent through the specimen. The oxidant agent is enriched in ozone and nitric oxides to increase the rate of oxidation. It is shown by stiffness tests of unaged and lab-aged specimens, as well as by DSR tests of recovered binder from aged specimens that asphalt mixes can be long-term aged at moderate temperatures (+60 °C) and within 4 days and a flow rate of 1 l/min by applying VAPro. Thus, VAPro can simulate long-term ageing at conditions that are representative of conditions that occur in the field within an efficient amount of time.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
AIREY, G. D. 2003. State of the Art Report on Ageing Test Methods for Bituminous Pavement Materials. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 4, 165-176.
ASTM 2012. ASTM D2872 - 12e1: Standard Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test). West Conshohocken, PA.
ASTM 2013. ASTM D 6521-13: Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt Binder Using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV). West Conshohocken, PA.
BAEK, C., UNDERWOOD, B. & KIM, Y. 2012. Effects of Oxidative Aging on Asphalt Mixture Properties. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2296, 77-85.
BELL, C. A., ABWAHAB, Y., CRISTI M.E. & D., S. 1994. Selection of Laboratory Ageing Procedures for Asphalt Aggregate Mixtures (SHRP-A-383). Strategic Highway Research Program. Washington, DC: National Reserach Counil.
CEN 2005. EN 14770: Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of complex shear modulus and phase angle - Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). Brussels.
CEN 2007a. EN 12607-1: Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of the resistance to hardening under the influence of heat and air - Part 1: RTFOT method. Brussels.
CEN 2007b. EN 12697-33: Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor. Brussels.
CEN 2007c. EN 12697-35: Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 35: Laboratory mixing. Brussels.
CEN 2012. EN 14769: Bitumen and bituminous binders - Accelerated long-term ageing conditioning by a Pressure Ageing Vessel (PAV). Brussels.
CEN 2013. EN 12697-3: Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 3: Bitumen recovery: Rotary evaporator. Brussels.
ÇETINKAYA, R. 2011. Bewertung der Einflussgrößen auf die thermisch-oxidative Alterung von Bitumen im Asphalt, Bochum; Germany, Europ. Univ.-Verl.
DA COSTA, M. S., FARCAS, F., SANTOS, L., EUSEBIO, M. I. & DIOGO, A. C. 2010. Chemical and Thermal Characterization of Road Bitumen Ageing. Advanced Materials Forum V, Pt 1 and 2, 636-637, 273-279.
DI BENEDETTO, H., PARTL, M. N., FRANCKEN, L. & DE LA ROCHE SAINT ANDRE, C. 2001. Stiffness testing for bituminous mixtures. Materials and Structures, 34, 66-70.
HOFKO, B., HOSPODKA, M., BLAB, R., EBERHARDSTEINER, L., FUESSL, J., GROTHE, H. & HANDLE, F. Impact of Field Ageing on Low-Temperature Performance of Binder and Hot Mix Asphalt. Proceedings of the 12th ISAP Conference on Asphalt Pavements, 2014 Raleigh, NC.
KOGELSCHATZ, U. 2003. Dielectric-Barrier Discharges: Their History, Discharge Physics, and Industrial Applications. Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing, 23, 1-46.
LU, X. H. & ISACSSON, U. 1998. Chemical and rheological evaluation of ageing properties of SBS polymer modified bitumens. Fuel, 77, 961-972.
MALLICK, R. B. & BROWN, E. R. 2004. An Evaluation of Superpave Binder Aging Methods. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 5, 9-18.
MORIAN, N., HAJJ, E. Y., GLOVER, C. J. & SEBAALY, P. E. 2011. Oxidative Aging of Asphalt Binders in Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixtures. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2207, 107-116.
ONGEL, A. & HUGENER, M. 2014. Aging of bituminous mixes for rap simulation. Construction and Building Materials, 68, 49-54.
PETERSEN, J. C., ROBERTSON, T., BRANTHAVER, J. F., HARNSBERGER, P. M., DUVALL, J. J., KIM, S. S., ANDERSON, D. A., CHRISTIANSEN, D. W., BAHIA, H. U., DONGRE, R., C.E., A., SHARMA, M. G., BUTTON, J. W. & GLOVER, C. J. 1994. Binder Characterization and Evaluation Volume 4: Test Methods (SHRP-A-370). Strategic Highway Research Program. Washington, DC: National Reserach Counil.
STEINER, D. 2014. Towards an optimized lab aging protocol for asphalt mix specimen to assess long-term aging. MSc Master Thesis, Vienna University of Technology.
SUSTERSIC, E., TUSAR, M. & VALANT, A. Z. 2013. Rheological and mechanical characterization of waste PMMA/ATH modified bitumen. Construction and Building Materials, 38, 119-125.
TESHALE, E. Z., MOON, K.-H., TUROS, M. & MARASTEANU, M. 2011. Pressure Aging Vessel and Low-Temperature Properties of Asphalt Binders. Transport Research Record: Journal of the Transport Research Board, 117-124.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 RILEM
About this paper
Cite this paper
Steiner, D. et al. (2016). Using Highly Oxidant Gas for Simulating Long-Term Ageing of Asphalt Mix Specimens in the Lab. In: Canestrari, F., Partl, M. (eds) 8th RILEM International Symposium on Testing and Characterization of Sustainable and Innovative Bituminous Materials. RILEM Bookseries, vol 11. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7342-3_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7342-3_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-017-7341-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-7342-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)