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Clinical Application and Molecular Mechanism of Multipotent Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Disease

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Stem Cells: Basics and Clinical Translation

Part of the book series: Translational Medicine Research ((TRAMERE,volume 1))

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Abstract

Multipotent stem cells (MSCs) are cells that can renew themselves and transform into the major specialized cell types of tissues or organs, including hepatocyte-like cells. As MSCs provide promising potential for patients with liver disease, in this respect, we focus not only on the clinical application of MSCs but also on the mechanisms of therapy that will promote and improve treatment for liver diseases. The technology of MSCs transplantation was first used to treat patients with liver disease in 2005, indicating the supportive hepatic role of stem cell therapy in vivo. Since then, many source-derived MSCs including autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells, autologous peripheral blood-derived stem cells, autologous hematopoietic stem cells, autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, allogeneic umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells, and allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells have been used for liver disease therapy. Most of these studies have showed inspiring results of stem cell therapy for liver diseases, including the improvement of serum parameters, the recovery of hepatic function, and even the improvement of quality of life, with less adverse effects after MSCs transplantation. Indeed, after transplantation, MSCs were found to migrate to the recipient’s liver and express the donor’s hepatocyte markers. Recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs, especially mesenchymal stem cells, possess both a hepatic differentiation property and an immune-tolerant phenotype and immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory capacities in vitro and in vivo. The beneficial effect of stem cell therapy on liver disease may result from the supportive roles of stem cells, particularly the immunomodulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi’an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China

    Xia Zhou, Lina Cui, Yongquan Shi & Ying Han

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  1. Xia Zhou
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  2. Lina Cui
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  3. Yongquan Shi
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  4. Ying Han
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Correspondence to Ying Han .

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  1. Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineeri, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine, Beijing, China

    Robert Chunhua Zhao

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© 2015 Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press, Shanghai and Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Zhou, X., Cui, L., Shi, Y., Han, Y. (2015). Clinical Application and Molecular Mechanism of Multipotent Stem Cell Therapy for Liver Disease. In: Zhao, R. (eds) Stem Cells: Basics and Clinical Translation. Translational Medicine Research, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7273-0_16

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