Abstract
The western districts of the afdeling of Serang can be said to have formed part of the main area of insurrection in July 1888. Before the wave of revolt could reach the capital of the residency of Banten, the reaction from the side of the government was already in progress. As has been described in the preceding chapter, just as the surrounding country of Serang was about to flare up into general insurrection, the rebels received the distressing news that their main force had been dispersed. The signs of approaching disturbances at once died down, and no rising took place in Serang.
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References
P.V. March 18, 1889 and Missive of the Resident of Banten, March 18, 1889, no. 82, in Exh. May 2, 1889, no. 63; also P.V. May 1, 1889 and Missive of the Resident of Banten, May 2, 1889, no 124, in Exh. June 24, 1889, no. 76.
Cable from the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 9, 1888, no. 68, in MR 1888, no. 484; also Report of the Patrol Commander, July 14, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 496. See also Java Bode, July 10, 1888.
Report of the Patrol Commander, July 14, 1888; also Java Bode, July 18, 1888.
For the list of killed/wounded rebels, see Appendix VII.
The assailant was identified as Mesir from Ardjawinangun. He was a son of H. Wachia, the rebel of the 1850 rebellion; his sisters, Nji Aminah and Nji Rainah, and his nephew, a son of the latter, took an active part in the revolt; see note in P.V. March 26, 1889.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1176.
Report DDI, p, 86; also Report of the Patrol Commander, July 14, 1888.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1185; cf. Report of the Patrol Commander, July 14, 1888.
IG (1891) no. 2, p. 1185.
Gable from the Commander of the Navy to the Gov. Gen., July 12, 1888, no. 812, in MR 1888, no. 484; Report DDI, pp. 91–92.
Report of the Patrol Commander, July 14, 1888; Report DDI, pp. 87–95.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1187.
Extract from the Military Journal (hereafter cited as M.J.) of the Commander of Troops in Banten, July 10, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 484; also Cable from the Commander of the Army to the Gov. Gen., July 10, 1888, no. 799, in MR 1888, no. 484.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1188. For the hostility of the people in the vicinity of Serang, see Cable from the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 10, 1888, no. 73, in MR 1888, no. 484.
See Cables from the Secretary of the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 9, 1888, nos. 68, 69, 778; also July 10, 1888, no. 81, in MR 1888, no. 484.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1189; Missive of the Resident of Banten, Apr. 3, 1889, no. 96, in Exh. May 20, 1889, no. 76; also Missive of the Resident of Banten, May 2, 1889, no. 124.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1189.
M.J. of the Military Commander at Serang, July 16 and 17, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 496.
Report DDI, p. 97.
This Captain A. T. R. de Brauw, who headed the 2nd company of the 9th batallion was definitely not the same person as the above mentioned Lieutenant-Colonel C. A. de Brauw of 1850.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1191: M.J., July 11 and 12, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 484.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1192; M.J., July 11 and 12, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 11 and 12, 188. H. Abdulkarim’s house did not fall a prey to the fire despite the fact that it was located amidst the houses which had burnt down, see P.V. Jan. 23, 1889.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1193; M.J., July 12 and 13, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 484.
Report DDI, p. 99; according to the author of the IG’s article, the number of captives amounted to 400; IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1194. Kedung and Trate Udik were burnt by order of the controller, de Chauvigny de Blot, see M.J. July 12 and 13, 1888; Gable from the Commander of the Army to the Gov. Gen., July 12, 1888, no. 826, in MR 1888, no. 484; Gable from the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 12, 1888, no. 98, in MR 1888, no. 484; for the prohibition against burning down houses as issued by the central government, see Cable of the General Secretary, July 13, 1888 and Cable from the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 14, 1888, no. 118, in MR 1888, no. 484.
Cable from the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 14, 1888, no. 115, in MR 1888, no. 484.
Extract M.J., July 12, 13 and 14, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 496.
Extract M.J., July 12 and 13, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 484.
Extract M.J., July 11 and 12, 1888; also Extract M.J., July 12, 13 and 14, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 14, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 496.
Extract M.J., July 12, 13 and 14, 1888; also Report DDI, p. 100.
Extract M.J., July 17, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 496; inggih means yes.
See above, Chap. VII, pp. 230–232.
The Commander of the Army to the Gov. Gen., July 12, 1888, no. 457, in MR 1888, no. 484.
Extract M.J., July 12, 13 and 14, 1888.
Cable from the Resident of Banten to the Gov. Gen., July 19, 1888, no. 169, in MR 1888, no. 496; see also Extract M.J. July 19, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506.
For H. Wasid’s retreat to Gunung Gede, see P.V. Dec. 6, 1888; also Report DDI, p. 104.
Many of the descendants of H. Wachia of the 1850 revolt were living at Ardjawinangun, formerly called Medang Batu; besides those mentioned under note 5, there were Sakib (son-in-law to H. Wachia, married to Nji Rainah) and Abdurrachman (son of Sakib) ; see P.V. March 26, 1889.
Extract M.J., July 18, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506; Report DDI, pp. 104–105.
Extract M.J., July 18, 1888; the number of the rebels was estimated at 30 to 40 men; according to Report DDI, about 40 to 50 men; see Report DDI, p. 109.
Extract M.J., July 18, 1888; Report DDI, p. 105.
Extract M.J, July 18, 1888.
Extract M.J, July 18, 1888; Report DDI, p. 110.
Extract M.J, July 20, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506; Report DDI, p. 112.
Extract M.J, July 18, 1888.
Extract M.J, July 19, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506.
Extract M.J, July 18, 1888.
Report DDI, pp. 111–112.
See above, note 4 and 5; also note 38.
Report DDI, p. 105.
See above, Chap. IV, especially with reference to the rebellion of 1845.
Report of the Controller of Serang, May 19, 1889, no. 16.
P.V. Dec. 6, 1889.
As to the supply of food, it was taken care of by H. Rapali, Panghulu of Balagendung, see P.V. Jan. 3, 1889.
Extract M.J., July 17, 1888; also P.V. July 17, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 496.
Extract M.J., July 22 and 23, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506; see also Java Bode, July 23 and 26, 1888. 57 Extract M.J. July 26, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506; also Gable from the Resident of Bauten to the Gov. Gen., July 26, 1888, no. 221, in MR 1888, no. 506.
Extract M. J., July 27, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 523; Report DDI, pp. 122–124. See also Java Bode, Aug. 3, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 21, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506.
Extract M.J., July 23, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506.
Java Bode, July 20 and 26, 1888; also Aug. 3, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 23, 1888; Report DDI, pp. 115–116.
See WNI (1889–1890), pp. 1201–1202; Tjaringin was also called kebun maung, i.e. tiger land. See Pleyte, in TBG, Vol. LII (1910), p. 138.
Report DDI, p. 115; for the goal of the journey, see Extract M.J. July 25, 1888 (in MR 1888, no. 506), where it is mentioned as being Djungkulon.
Extract M.J., July 22 and 24, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 506.
Extract M.J., July 25, 1888.
Ibidem.
Extract M.J., July 26, 1888; Report DDI, p. 124.
Report DDI, p. 106; see also Extract M.J., July 29, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 523.
Extract M.J., July 29, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 30, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 523; Report DDI, p. 125.
Extract M.J., July 28, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 523.
Extract M.J., July 28 and 29, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 29, 1888.
Extract M.J., July 30, 1888.
Java Bode, Aug. 3, 1888.
Report DDI, pp. 127–128.
Extract M.J., Aug. 1, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 556.
Report DDI, pp. 129–130.
Extract M.J., Aug. 1, 1888; Java Bode, Aug. 3, 1888.
Extract M.J., Aug. 1, 1888.
Ibidem; also Report DDI, p. 130.
Ibidem.
Ibidem.
Report DDI, p. 131.
Extract M.J., Aug. 1, 1888.
Missive of the Consul of Djeddah, Nov. 25, 1891, no. 700, in Vb. May 9, 1892, no. 40.
Ibidem.
Ibidem.
Missive of the Consul of Djeddah, Nov. 26, 1888, no. 797/19.
Report DDI, p. 100.
In order to avoid retaliation witnesses remained anonymous and did not testify at a public trial; see information given by spies A and D with reference to 19 suspects, in Exh. June 24, 1889, no. 76; see also Missive of the Resident of Bauten, Sept. 24, 1889, no. 297, in Exh. Nov. 23, 1889, no. 65.
Mary Bachet testified against H. Rapali, H. Isra, Ikan and Samad; see P.V. Jan. 3, 1889; against H. Ramidin, H. Muhidin, H. Endung, H. Halari, H. Deli and H. Mardjaja, see P.V. Jan. 23, 1889; against H. Asim and H. Munib, see P.V. Jan. 30, 1889. Dumas’ wife testified against Otong and Entje Mohamad Said, see P.V. Jan. 15, 1889; against H. Muhidin, H. Endung, H. Halari and H. Mardjaja, P.V. Jan. 23, 1889; against: H. Djapi and H. Ali, see P.V. Jan. 30, 1889; against Pakur, see P.V. March 26, 1889. See also their testimony against Samidin, in IWR, No. 1336 (1889); also No. 1337 (1889).
Snouck Hurgronje, in VGS Vol. IV, part 2 (1924), p. 426.
See Snouck Hurgronje’s note on conditions in Banten, Aug. 15, 1892.
Most of the minutes of the court give evidence of the scarcity of confessions made by captives on trial; see P.V. Dec. 6, 1889; Jan. 3, 1889; Jan. 15, 1889; Jan. 23, 1889; Jan. 30, 1889; March 8, 1889; March 26, 1889; Apr. 3, 1889; Apr. 9, 1889; May 1, 1889; May 16, 1889; June 3, 1889; June 11, 1889 and Sept. 23, 1889.
There was also a strong belief that the murids, if they did not retaliate on behalf of their kjais, might be cursed. See IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1202. The cattle plague which succeeded the rebellion was regarded as a curse of Allah upon the Banten population because they had not yet extinguished the kafirs (infidels); see WNI (1889–1890), p. 1534.
See O.I.B. Dec. 27, 1888, no. 1; O.I.B. Jan. 21, 1889, no. 2; O.I.B. Jan. 31, 1889, no. 1; O.I.B. Feb. 5, 1889, no. 1; O.I.B. Feb. 13, 1889, no. 1; O.I.B. March 24, 1889, no. 4; O.I.B. Apr. 10, no. 20; O.I.B. Apr. 15, 1889, no. 10; O.I.B. May 1, 1889, no. 1; O.I.B. May 8, 1889, no. 5; O.I.B. May 27, 1889, no. 12; O.I.B. June 18, 1889, no. 1; O.I.B. July 8, 1889, no. 80; O.I.B. Oct. 11, 1889, no. 8. 99 Ibidem; see also Appendix IX.
Koloniaal Verslag, 1889, Chap. C, p. 4; no mention is made of the rest of the arrested “rebels”.
Java Bode, June 22, 1889; De Locomotief, June 17 and 21, 1889. See also WNI (1888–1889), pp. 1532–1533, 1747–1750.
De Locomotief, July 18, 1889; WNI (1888–1889), pp. 1887–1888.
Missive of the Resident of Banten, June 26, 1889, no. 227, in MR 1889, no. 437. A Djajadiningrat (1936), p. 54.
Java Bode, June 22, 1889.
WNI (1888–1889), pp. 1887–1888.
WNI (1888–1889), p. 1749.
WNI (1888–1889), pp. 1749–1750; for the lively debate about the death penalty in the press, see TNI (1889), no. 1, pp. 217–224.
The Minister of Colonies to the Gov. Gen., Feb. 28, 1889, F3/ no. 12. See also Missive of the Gov. Gen. to the Minister of Colonies, May 7, 1889, M7.
Bataviaasch Handelsblad, June 14, 1889; WNI (1888–1889), pp. 1532–1533; 1642–1643; 1771. See also Missive from the Gov. Gen. to the Minister of Colonies, June 15, 1889, no. 1079, in Exh. July 22, 1889, no. 87.
Missive of the Resident of Banten, Sept. 19, 1888, no. 69, in MR 1888, no. 647. See also Java Bode, Oct. 8, 1888.
Missive of the Resident of Banten, Sept. 19, 1888, no. 69.
Missive of the Resident of Banten, Nov. 26, 1888, no. 13/24 in MR 1888, no. 802.
IG (1891), no. 2, p. 1203.
O.I.B. March 24, 1889, no. 4 and O.I.B. June 18, 1889, no. 1; see also P.V. March 18, 1889; P.V. June 3, 1889 in Exh. July 24, 1889, no. 77.
O.I.B. Oct. 11, 1889, no. 8; P.V. Sept. 23, 1889.
Note from the Ambulatory Court to the Resident of Banten, Sept. 13, 1889, in Exh. Nov. 23, 1889, no. 65; also O.I.B. Oct. 11, 1889, no. 8.
Note from the Ambulatory Court to the Resident of Banten, Sept. 13, 1889.
Ibidem.
O.I.B. Oct. 11, 1889, no. 8.
In his confession H. Abdulsalam mentioned the following people: H. Abdulgani, H. Kalipudin, and Mohamad Arip, all from Bedji; H. Dung, Ardja, Djafar; see H. Abdulsalam’s letter to the Resident of Banten (n.d.), in Exh. June 7, 1889, no. 51.
O.I.B. May 1, 1889, no. 1.
See Appendix D of Report DDL
Ibidem.
Ibidem.
P.V. Dec. 6, 1889; P.V. Jan. 3, 1889; P.V. Jan. 15, 1889; P.V. Jan. 30, 1889; P.V. March 26, 1889.
O.I.B. Nov. 9, 1888, no. 36.
Gable from the Resident of Kediri to the Gov. Gen., Aug. 11, 1888, no. 333, in Vb. Nov. 21, 1888, no. 10.
Gable from the Resident of Kediri to the Gov. Gen., Aug. 15, 1888, no. 492 and Aug. 18, 1888, no. 503, in Vb. Nov. 21, 1888, no. 10.
Report of the Commander of the Army to the Gov. Gen., Aug. 18, 1888, no. 614, in Vb. Nov. 21, 1888, no. 10. See also Java Bode, Sept. 8 and 15, 1888; cf. IG (1889), no. 2, pp. 1783–1785.
Missive of the Resident of Surakarta, Aug. 16, 1888, no. 42, in MR 1888, no. 578; Gable of the Commander of the Army, Aug. 17, 1888, no. 234, in Vb. Nov. 21, 1888, no. 10, referring to rumours about the coming disturbances among the population in Semarang. See also Groneman (1891), p. 69.
Missive of the Resident of Kediri, Aug. 16, 1888, no. 38, in MR 1888, no. 578; the name Herutjokro is traditionally adopted by the Ratu Adil-to-be; see Wiselius, in BKI, Vol. XIX (1872), pp. 172–217; Brandes, in TBG, Vol. XXXII (1889), pp. 368–430.
The messianic figure is usually named Ratu Adil; for the name Sultan Adil, see Missive of the Resident of Kediri, Aug. 16, 1888, no. 38.
Lodojo is well-known as a place of exile during the period of the Mataram kingdom; it is situated south of Blitar (Kediri); see ENI, II (1918).
This name seems to be an abbreviation of Kjai Mohamad Mukiar; see Groneman (1891), p. 67.
For an account of the court intrigues around Gusti Mohamad, see Groneman (1891), pp. 220–222.
Cable of the Resident of Kediri, Aug. 15, 1888, no. 492.
Missive of the Resident of Kediri, Aug. 16, 1888, no. 38.
Ibidem.
Ibidem.
For extensive studies about the Ratu Adil figure, see Wiselius, in BKI, Vol. XIX (1872), pp. 172–217; Brandes, in TBG, Vol. XXXII (1889), pp. 368–430; Drewes (1925), pp. 130–137; Schrieke (1959), pp. 76–95. See also Pigeaud (MS, 1943–1945), pp. 146 ff.
Ibidem.
Gable of the Resident of Kediri to the Gov. Gen., Aug. 15, 1888, no. 492; Aug. 18, 1888, no. 503; in Pasuruan, Kasanamat was arrested, see Gable of the Resident of Pasuruan, Aug. 16, 1888, no. 238, in Vb. Nov. 21, 1888, no. 10; in Banjumas, 5 people were arrested, see Cable of the Resident of Banjumas, Aug. 18, 1888, no. 103, in MR 1888, no. 578. See also Report of the Resident of Kediri, Oct. 18, 1888, no. 52, in MR 1888, no. 740.
Circular letter of the General Secretary, Aug. 21, 1888, no. 135, in Vb. Nov. 21, 1888, no. 10.
Groneman (1891), p. 67.
Groneman (1891), p. 71.
Ibidem.
Report of the Controller of Serang, May 19, 1889, no. 16; see also Missive of the Resident of Madiun, Sept. 20, 1889, La UI; cf. Henny’s article in IG (1921), no. 2, pp. 825–826. In 1905, Henny, Consul at Djeddah, made mention of the fact that shortly after the outbreak of the Banten revolt a certain H. Mardjuki settled in Warungdjajeng (Kediri) for some time. Henny’s assumption was that this man was the same H. Mardjuki mentioned by Snouck Hurgronje in his Mekka and thus one of the chief rebels of the Banten revolt. Cf. Chap. VI, note 63, p. 197.
See above, Chap. VI, p. 194.
WNI (1889–1890), p. 1311.
Groneman (1891), p. 69; Missive of the Resident of Surakarta, Aug. 16, 1888, no. 42. Originally the Bantenese plotters had also planned to launch the revolt at about this time; see Report of the Controller of Serang, May 19, 1889, no. 16. Snouck Hurgronje referred to Djajabaja prophecies in his advice of Jan. 14, 1889, in Vb. Jan. 25, 1889, no. 19. Cf. Cable of the Resident of Jogjakarta, July 1, 1878, no. 68, in MR 1878, no. 452.
Report of the Resident of Surakarta, Oct. 12, 1888, in MR 1888, no. 776; De Locomotief, Oct. 15, 1888; Java Bode, Oct. 18 and Nov. 1, 1888; IG (1889), no. 1, p. 216; no. 2, p. 1776; Koloniaal Verslag, 1889, column 5–6.
Ibidem.
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Kartodirdjo, S., Wertheim, W.F. (1966). The Suppression of the Revolt and Its Aftermath. In: The Peasants’ Revolt of Banten in 1888. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, vol 50. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6357-8_8
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