Abstract
These three, the last of which is a continuation to the second, were written and published in rapid succession, and are novels that rank high in the appreciation of those who esteem a literary work in spite of the adverse judgment of the author’s contemporaries. These works were imitated in part152 by a judicious reader like Lesage; one of them was continued in the best specimen of picaresque literature153 that Portuguese authors have produced; and in spite of all this favor they were not popular with the public. So great was this lack of popular esteem, that many bibliographers were not even aware of the existence of the Trapaza, a book which, by its very name,154 should have attracted attention, and which richly deserves its title; for trickery and deception are felicitously exposed in it, and well-known characters of the time155 are introduced as having been impersonated by the rascally hero.
La nina de los embustes, Teresa de Mançanares. Valencia, 1632. Barcelona, 1632, Madrid, 1733. These seem to be the only editions that exist. Ticknor’s Catalogue gives the Barcelona as the first edition; see Barrera. Salvá did not have the book. Gallardo mentions only the Barcelona edition.
Barrera mentions an edition: Valencia, 1634. Salvá (no. 1149) gives: “ Aventuras del Bachiller Trapaza, quinta essencia deembusteros, y maestro de embelecadores. Çaragoça, 1637.” The preliminaries are dated Zaragoza., 1635; hence Salvá supposes the possibility of an edition of that year. Subsequently: Madrid, 1733 (Salvá, no. 1150; Ticknor, Catal.).
Nicolas Antonio gives an edition of Logroño, 1634; Barrera, one of Valencia, 1634; Salvá (no. 1731) one of Madrid, 1642. Afterwards: Madrid, 1733. Reprinted in Riv., 33, pp. 169–234.
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Notes
The only somewhat satisfactory review of Castillo’s life and works is found in Barrera, pp. 75–78. Mesonero Romanos (Introduction to Riv. 45) mentions the Garduña, but has not even the names of Teresa and Trapaza. Ticknor (II, p. 222) makes only cursory mention of all three novels.
Adolfo de Castro, in his Gil Blas, Madrid, 1852 (see my note no. 116) gives various passages where Lesage imitates the Teresa. To these should be added Chapter 16. of the Trapaza, headed: “Como Trapaza volvió á encontrar á Estefania, quien luego cuenta lo que la habia sucedido”; it is almost literally repeated in Gil Blas, Book V, Chapter 7, where Laura relates her history.
C. Michaelis de Vasconcellos (in Grundriss d. rom. Philol., II, 2, p. 351): “Der nennenswerteste Schelmenroman ist O peralvilho de Cordova von Matheus da Silva Cabrai, der als Fortsetzung zu Solorzano’s Bachiller Trapaza aufzufassen ist.”
The author, to explain the name, says: “ Pusieronle por nombre Hernando, que hijo de padres, uno Trampa en apellido, y otro Tramoya, huuo contemplacion que debia llamarse Trapaza, como cosa muy propinqua à ser efecto de los dos apellidos: asi le llamaron con este supuesto nombre mientras vivio.” (Ed. 1733, p. 14). The word trapaza, however, existed long before the date of composition of the novel. In the Comedia Tebayda (first edition: 1521) we find the adjective trapacero (Madrid reprint, 1894, p. 416; 422). The word trapaza occurs in 1557, in the Córtes de la Muerte (Romancero y Cancionero sagrados, Riv., 35, p. 25, c): “¡ De cuanto riesgo, trapaza, Te he sacado, que esto peno, Y hora dasme con la maza, Parlando como picaza, Lo tuyo y tambien lo ajeno !”
For instance, the monja alferez, on p. 160 of the edition of 1733.
The book was intended to bear the title La congregacion de la miseria, and to relate the adventures of Teresa’s children, two taking after their father, a miserly merchant, and a daughter after the mother. It is possible that these continuations actually appeared Gallardo (no. 1687) describes the Lysardo enamorado of our author, which is absolutely unknown except for this description and Padilla’s mention (see Barrera, p. 77, a). Menéndez y Pelayo has of Castillo the Escarmientos de amor moralizados which no bibliographer mentions. So it is possible that at some unexpected moment other works of Castillo’s hand may come to light.
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De Haan, F. (1903). Teresa, Trapaza, and the Garduna, by Castillo Solórzano. In: An Outline of the History of the Novela Picaresca in Spain. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-6318-9_19
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