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Purposes and Plans

  • Chapter
The Ambassador Prepares for War

Part of the book series: International Scholars Forum ((ISFO))

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Abstract

Estrades, the soldier-diplomat, returned to France to resume the simpler duties of mere soldiering, as governor of the fortress of Dunkirk.1 Already selected to replace him was the administrator-diplomat, Arnauld de Pomponne. Pomponne’s letter of recall reached him at Stockholm in mid-July. He boarded ship for Hamburg in August, but it was late September before a tedious journey brought him to Saint-Germain.2

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References

  1. Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, p. 73.

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  2. Ludwig Bittner and Lothar Gross, eds., Repertorium der diplomatischen Vertreter aller Länder seit dem Westfälischen Frieden (Oldenburg and Berlin, 1936-), I, 234; Pomponne, Mémoires, I, 562, 566, 569; Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, p. 29; Arnauld, p. 330.

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  3. Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, p. 29; Wicquefort to Lionne, Oct. 18, 1668, Arch, étr., Holl., vol. 88, fo. 257.

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  4. Recueil... Hollande, I, 259.

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  5. De Groot to Wicquefort, Nov. 10, 1668, De Groot, p. 3; De Groot to De Witt, Nov. 29, 1668, De Witt, Brieven, II, 598–99. Wicquefort later contrasted Pomponne’s fundamental probity with Estrades’ deceitfulness. Wicquefort, L’ambassadeur et ses fonctions (Amsterdam, 1730), II, 202.

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  6. Wicquefort to Lionne, Oct. 4, 18, 1668, Arch. étr., Holl., vol. 88, fos. 244, 257, 259. 3 Wicquefort to Lionne, Oct. 18, 1668, ibid., fo. 257.

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  7. Wicquefort to Lionne, Nov. 1, 1668, ibid., fo. 272.

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  8. Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, p. 29.

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  9. Chapelain to Heinsius, Oct. 11, 1668, Chapelain, II, 599.

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  10. Wicquefort to Lionne, Dec. 13, 1668, Arch, étr., Holl., vol. 88, fo. 309.

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  11. Chapelain to Heinsius, Dec. 11, 1668, Chapelain, II, 607.

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  12. Wicquefort to someone in Bonzv’s party, Jan. 7, 1669, Arch, étr., Holl., vol. 89, fos. 13–14. Mignet (III, 563) identifies the addressee as “M. de Bondy,” which sounds suspiciously like Bonzy. Mignet, here as elsewhere, omits significant portions of the letter. C. F. Haje identifies this letter as one to Lionne, and asserts, without indicating his evidence, that it was written at De Witt’s instructions (De geheime correspondentie van Abraham de Wicquefort met den Franschen Minister de Lionne [The Hague, 1901], p. 116).

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  13. Wicquefort to Lionne, Jan. 10, 1669, Arch. étr., Holl., vol. 89, fos. 18–19.

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  14. Wicquefort to Lionne, Jan. 24, 1669, ibid., fo. 21.

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  15. Turenne’s holograph original is in Arch, étr., Holl. vol. 88, fos. 297ff. Pomponne’s copy, which varies somewhat, primarily in the direction of logical clarity, is in his own handwriting, in Bib. Ars., MS 4712, fos. 1–3. Another copy, apparently based on Pomponne’s version, is in Arch, étr., HolL, vol. 88, fos. 303ff. Two excerpts from Turenne’s copy were printed in Recueil... Hollande (I, 262, note 1) by André and Bourgeois. Pomponne’s version differs materially, though not fundamentally, from Turenne’s; it was quite possibly what the great soldier, never gifted with facile or precise command of the written word, actually said. In any event, it is more important to us as the form in which Pomponne received and preserved Turenne’s ideas.

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  16. Recueil... Hollande, I, 271. References to the instructions are made to this collection, which is generally available. The editors transcribed the copy in the archives of the French foreign ministry (Arch, étr., Holl., vol. 89, fos. 28–42). Noting that there were difficulties in determining the order of materials toward the end of the document, they depended upon pencilled notations for the order of the final six paragraphs. The sequence thus established (Recueil..., Hollande, I, 286–90) does not correspond, however, to the actual order in the final form of the instructions, preserved, as André and Bourgois note, among Pomponne’s papers in the Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal (MS 4712, fos. 8ff). Some forty differences exist between the transcription in the Recueil... Hollande and the manuscript in the Arsenal. Most of these are inconsequential; none invalidates the general accuracy of the printed text.

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  17. Relation de Hollande, p. 29.

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  18. Recueil... Hollande, I, 271.

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  19. The word “très” is omitted in the Recueil... Hollande (I, 271), which makes a vigorous phrase a weak one. 5 Ibid., pp. 271–73.

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  20. Bib. Ars., MS 4712, fo. 1.

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  21. Pomponne, in summarizing the instructions in his Relation, took out this note of warning, by saying that these were thoughts the king “does not have and has never had.” (Relation de Hollande, p. 72.)

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  22. Recueil... Hollande, I, 273–78. Cf. Wicquefort, Histoire, IV, 23.

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  23. Bib. Ars., MS 4712, fo. 1. 3 Ibid., fo. 2.

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  24. Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, pp. 70–72.

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  25. Recueil... Hollande, I, 278–79. 2 Ibid., pp. 286–87.

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  26. Bib. Ars., MS 4712, fos. 1–2.

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  27. Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, p. 77.

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  28. The exact position of the fortifications is no longer known. M. A. Bonvarlet, “Notes sur la commune de Capelle-Brouck,” Annales du comité flamand de France, XV (1883–86), 178–83.

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  29. Recueil... Hollande, I, 275–76. Cf. Wicquefort, Histoire, III, 438–39.

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  30. Bib. Ars., MS 4712, fo. 1.

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  31. Cf. De Witt to Temple, June 4, 1668, De Witt, Correspondance française, p. 328.

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  32. Recueil... Hollande, I, 276–77. 5 Bib. Ars., MS 4712. fo. 1.

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  33. Recueil...Hollande, I, 287–88. Cf. Pomponne, Relation de Hollande, pp. 75–76.

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  34. Recueil... Hollande, I, pp. 288–89. 3 Bib. Ars., MS 4712, fos. 2–3.

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  35. Pomponne at Lille to Lionne, Feb. 16, 1669, Arch. étr., Holl., vol. 89, fo. 52.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of History, State University of Iowa, USA

    Herbert H. Rowen

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  1. Herbert H. Rowen
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© 1957 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Rowen, H.H. (1957). Purposes and Plans. In: The Ambassador Prepares for War. International Scholars Forum. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-4778-3_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-4778-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-017-4587-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-4778-3

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