Tendencies in Energy Development of World Regions and in Interregional Ties

Abstract

The structure of energy resources consumption and conversion, their export and import and trends in individual world regions will be analysed for Scenario 8, which seems to be most realistic, as already noted. Table 8.1 presents consumption of energy carriers (both primary and converted) for all regions of the world that was obtained for this Scenario by applying the GEM-10R model. Liquid fuels include gasoline and fuel oil produced from oil (conventional), synthetic motor fuel from coal and methanol (crude oil is not used). Gaseous fuels comprise natural gas, its synthetic substitute (SNG) and hydrogen. As shown in Section 7.3 (see Table 7.11), hydrogen and SNG are not used in Scenario 8. Hence, in this case natural gas is the only gaseous fuel (besides, its small portion that is not considered in Table 8.1 is converted to methanol). For coal Table 8.1 presents amounts of coal directly used for production of final energy forms (electrical and thermal). A large fraction of coal converted to gasoline is not included in this table. Nuclear and renewable energy sources are given in volumes, totally consumed for electrical and thermal energy production (renewables include biomass).