Abstract
A 35-year-old longleaf pine stand exhibited trees in various stages of decline. A study was conducted to determine root-infecting fungi and other abnormalities associated with varying degrees of crown symptoms. A four-class crown symptom rating system was devised according to ascending symptom severity. Leptographium procerum and L. terebrantis were significantly associated with increasing crown symptom severity. Heterobasidion annosum was also isolated in higher frequency as crown symptoms increased. Also, evidence of insects on roots increased as did amount of resinosis observed. Edaphic and silvicultural factors may interact with these pathogens and insects to pose a pathological limitation on longer-term management objectives. Further research is needed to determine relationships among various edaphic, silvicultural, and biological factors associated with the decline syndrome on this site.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Boyer W D 1990 Longleaf pine. In Silvics of North America, vol. 1, Conifers. R M Burns and B H Honkala, Technical Coordinators. pp 405–412. Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture Handbook 654. Washington, D.C. 675 p.
Clark T D 1984 The greening of the South. University Press of Kentucky. Lexington, KY. 168 p.
Froelich R C, Kuhlman E G, Hodges C S, Weiss M J and Nichols J D 1977 Fomes annosus in the south-guidelines for prevention. USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, Southeastern Area, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 17 p.
Harrington T C and Cobb F W Jr. 1988 Leptographium root diseases on conifers. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA. 149 p.
Hicks B R, Cobb F W Jr. and Gersper P L 1980 Isolation of Ceratocystis wageneri from forest soil with a selective medium. Phytopathology 70: 880–883.
Klepzig K D, Raffa K F and Smalley E B 1991 Association of an insect fungal complex with red pine decline in Wisconsin. For. Sci. 37: 1119–1139.
Martin W H, Boyce S G and Echternacht H C 1993 Biodiversity of the southeastern United States: Upland terrestrial communities. Wiley & Sons, New York, NY, USA. 200 p.
Nevill R J and Alexander S A 1992 Pathogenicity of three fungal associates of Hylobius pales and Pissodes nemorensis (Cole-optera: Curculionidae) to eastern white pine. Can. J. For. Res. 22: 1438–1440.
Nevill R J, Kelley W D, Hess N J and Perry T J 1995 Pathogenicity to loblolly pines of fungi recovered from trees attacked by southern pine beetles. Southern J. Appl. For. 19: 78–83.
Otrosina W J and Cobb F W Jr 1989 Biology, ecology, and epidemiology of Heterobasidion annosum. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Research and Management of Annosus Root Disease (Heterobasidion annosum) in Western North America. Technical Coordinators W J Otrosina and R F Scharpf. pp 26–33. Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture General Technical Report # 116, Berkeley, California, USA. 177 p.
Otrosina W J, White L W and Walkinshaw C H 1995 Heterobasidion annosum and blue-stain fungi in roots of longleaf pine are associated with increased mortality following prescribed burning. Phytopathology 85: 1197 (abstr.)
Otrosina W J, Hess N J, Zarnoch S J, Perry T J and Jones J P 1997 Blue-stain fungi associated with roots of southern pine trees attacked by the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis. Plant Disease 81: 942–945.
Otrosina W J 1998 Diseases of forest trees: consequences of “exotic ecosystems”. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference. Ed. T Waldrop. pp 103–106. Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Southern Research Station. Gen. Tech. Rep., SRS-20. Asheville, North Carolina, USA. 628 p.
Otrosina W J and Garbelotto M 1998 Root diseases and exotic ecosystems: implications for long-term site productivity. In: Root and Butt Rots of Forest Trees. Eds C Delatours, B Marcais, J J Guillaumin and B Lung-Escarmant. pp 275–283. INRA, Paris. 459 p.
Parmeter J R, Slaughter G W, Chen M M Wood and D L Stubbs H A 1989 Single and mixed inoculations of ponderosa pines with fungal associates of Dendroctonus sp. Phytopathology 79: 768–772.
Parmeter J R, Slaughter G W, Chen M M and Wood D L 1992 Rate and depth of sapwood occlusion following inoculation of pines with blue-stain fungi. For. Sci. 38: 34–44.
Rane K A and Tattar T A 1987 Pathogenicity of blue-stain fungi associated with Dendroctonus terebrans. Plant Dis. 71: 879–883.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Otrosina, W.J., Bannwart, D., Roncadori, R.W. (2000). Root-infecting fungi associated with a decline of longleaf pine in the southeastern United States. In: Stokes, A. (eds) The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 87. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3469-1_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3469-1_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5318-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-3469-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive