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Heritability of first-order lateral root number in Quercus: implication for artificial regeneration of stands

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The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology

Part of the book series: Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences ((DPSS,volume 87))

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Abstract

Natural regeneration of oak (Quercus) species in the USA has been easy to obtain on the lower quality xeric sites (site index ⁤20 m at age 50) by developing advanced oak reproduction before stands are harvested. This approach has not been successful with Q. rubra, Q. pagoda, or Q. alba growing on highly productive river bottom, cove or other mesic sites (site index ⁥23 m at age 50) because developing seedlings are overtopped by initially faster-growing and more shade-tolerant competitor species common on these sites. Artificial regeneration to increase percentages of these three valuable multiple-use species in specific stands has not been satisfactory because of limitations imposed by planting stock quality and by the traditional technology used to manage newly established stands. After the number of first-order lateral roots (FOLR) produced by an individual seedling was shown to be a highly heritable trait, artificial regeneration trials were started by the USDA Forest Service’s Institute of Tree/Root Biology. A nursery fertility protocol was developed that could reliably and consistently produce seedlings of specific sizes. Thereafter, a seedling evaluation system was developed utilizing the parameters of FOLR, root collar diameter (RCD), and height (HT) for selecting seedling for outplanting. On mesic sites, survival and early growth for Q. rubra has been very good, with height growth of 4–5 m in 3–8 years. Trials are now being conducted with Q. pagoda and Q. alba. Methods for developing evaluation systems for oak species grown in nurseries under conditions different than the ones used in this study are discussed.

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Abbreviations

FOLR:

first-order lateral roots

RCD:

root collar diameter

HT:

height

NRO:

northern red oak

WO:

white oak

ITRB:

Institute Tree/Root Biology

CBO:

cherrybark oak

PAR:

photosynthetic active radiation

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Tree/Root Biology, Southern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, 320 Green Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Paul P. Kormanik & Shi-Jean S. Sung

  2. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA

    Taryn L. Kormanik

  3. Biometrics, Southern Research Station, USDA-Forest Service, Asheville, NC, 28802, USA

    Stanley J. Zarnoch

  4. Forest Genetics, Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37901, USA

    Scott Schlarbaum

Authors
  1. Paul P. Kormanik
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  2. Shi-Jean S. Sung
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  3. Taryn L. Kormanik
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  4. Stanley J. Zarnoch
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  5. Scott Schlarbaum
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Rheologie du Bois de Bordeaux, Domaine de l’Hermitage, BP 10, 33610, Cestas Gazinet, France

    A. Stokes

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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Kormanik, P.P., Sung, SJ.S., Kormanik, T.L., Zarnoch, S.J., Schlarbaum, S. (2000). Heritability of first-order lateral root number in Quercus: implication for artificial regeneration of stands. In: Stokes, A. (eds) The Supporting Roots of Trees and Woody Plants: Form, Function and Physiology. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 87. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3469-1_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3469-1_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5318-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-3469-1

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