Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants pp 169–188Cite as

Image Analysis for Sorting Somatic Embryos

  • Chapter

  • 235 Accesses

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 55))

Abstract

Somatic embyrogenesis is a promising tool in micropropagation. It is, however, a fact that the poor quality of produced somatic embryos restrict their commercial application. Somatic embryogenic suspension cultures contain embryos at various developmental stages, various shaped embryos, and even non-embryogenic tissues. As a result, the suspension cultures show heterogeneity in embryo quality, thus hindering the development of transplant production systems using somatic embyrogenesis. Methods which evaluate and sort somatic embryos by information related to embryo quality show good potential for obtaining uniform and high quality embryos. It is desirable to have an embryo quality evaluation method which is simple, nondestructive, and has potential for automation. Image analysis techniques, which extract features of an object from visual data, fulfill the above requirements and appear to be promising for use in developing embryo evaluation and sorting systems. Based on this idea, many applications of image analysis have been reported for the evaluation of somatic embryos. In this chapter, by introducing image analysis applications to somatic embyrogenesis and to embryo sorting systems, the problems and feasibility of somatic embryo sorting using image analysis will be discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ammirato, P.V. and F. C. Steward, 1971. Some effects of environment on the development embryos from cultured free cells. Bot Gaz 132: 149–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bayliss, M. W., 1980. Chromosomal variation in plant tissues in culture. Int Rev Cytol supplement 11A: 113–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchheim, J. A., S. M. Colburm and J. P. Ranch, 1989. Maturation of soybean somatic embryos and the transition to plantlet growth. Plant Physiol 89: 765–775

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cazzulio, D., H. Pedersen, C.-K. Chin, K. Venkat and C. Styer, 1987. Characterization of plant somatic embryo development using Fourier shape analysis. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 506: 190–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Cazzulio, D., H. Pedersen and C.-K. Chin, 1990. Monitoring somatic embryo development in carrot cell cultures. Dev Ind Microbiol 31: 285–292

    Google Scholar 

  • Cazzulio, D., H. Pedersen and C-K. Chin, 1991. Bioreactors and image analysis for scale-up and plant propagation. In: I. K. Vasil (Ed.), Scale-up and automation in plant propagation pp. 147–177. Academic Press, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chengalrayan, K., V. B. Mhaske and S. Hazra, 1997. High-frequency conversion of abnormal peanut somatic embryos. Plant Cell Rep 16: 783–786

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, Z. and P. P. Ling, 1994. Machine vision techniques for somatic coffee embryo morphological feature extraction. Transactions of the ASAE 37 (5): 1663–1669

    Google Scholar 

  • Chi, C.-M., H. Vits, E. J. Staba, T. J. Cooke and W.-S. Hu, 1994. Morphological kinetics and distribution in somatic embryo cultures. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44: 368–378

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chi, C.-M., C. Zhang, E. J. Staba, T. J. Cooke and W. S. Hu, 1996. Spectral approach to population dynamics of carrot somatic embryos. J. Ferment. Bioeng. 81: 445–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Coutos-Thevenot, P., J. P. Jouanneau, S. Brown, V. Petiard and J. Guern, 1990. Embryogenic and non-embryogenic cell lines of Daucus carrota L. cloned from meristematic cell clusters: relation with cell ploidy determined by flow cytometry. Plant Cell Rep 8: 605–608

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunstan, D. I., T. D. Bethune and S. R. Abrams, 1991. The use of (±)-abscisic acid and (±)abscisyl alcohol in somatic embryo maturation of white spruce (Picea glauca). Plant Sci 76: 219–228

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunstan, D. I., T. D. Bethune and C. A. Bock, 1993. Somatic embryo maturation from long-term suspension cultures of white spruce (Picea glauca). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 29P: 109–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunstan, D. I. and T. D. Bethune, 1996. Variability in maturation and germination from white spruce somatic embryos, as affected by age and use of solid or liquid culture. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 32p: 165–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Geier, T., A. Beck and W. Preil, 1992. High uniformity of plants regenerated from cytogenetically variable embryogenic suspension cultures of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Wild. Ex Klotzsch ). Plant Cell Rep 11: 150–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Giuliano, G., D. Rosellini and M. Terzi, 1983. A new method for the purification of the different stages of carrot embryoids. Plant Cell Rep 2: 216–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goebel-Tourand, I., M.-C. Maruo, L. Sossountzov, E. Miginiac, and A. Deloire, 1993. Arrest of somatic embryo development in grapevine: histological characterization and the effect of ABA, BAP and zeatin in stimulating plantlet development. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult 33: 91–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Grand d’Esnon, A., R. Chee, R. C. Harrell and D. J. Cantliffe, 1989. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of liquid tissue cultures by artificial vision. Biofutur 76: S3

    Google Scholar 

  • Hämäläinen, J. J. and K. J. Jokinen, 1992. Selection of Norway spruce embryos by computer vision. Optics in Agriculture and Forestry, SPIE 1836: 195–205

    Google Scholar 

  • Hämäläinen, J. J., U. Kurten, V. Kauppinen and J. Heilala, 1992. Automated classification of somatic plant embryos. Acta Horticulturae 319: 601–605

    Google Scholar 

  • Hämäläinen, J. J., U. Kurten and V. Kauppinen, 1993. Classification of plant somatic embryos by computer vision. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 41, 35–42

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harrell, R. C., C. F. Hood, E. Molto, R. Munilla, M. Bieniek and D. J. Cantliffe, 1992. Automatic identification and separation of somatic embryos in vitro. Acta Horticulturae 319: 595–600

    Google Scholar 

  • Harrell, R. C., C. F. Hood, E. Molto, R. Muni11a, M. Bieniek and D. J. Cantliffe, 1993. Machine vision based analysis and harvest of somatic embryos. Computers and Electronics in agriculture 9: 12–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harrell, R. C., M. Bieniek, C. F. Hood, R. Munilla and D. J. Cantliffe, 1994. Automated, in vitro harvest of somatic embryos. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult 39: 171–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibaraki, Y., M. Fukakusa and K. Kurata, 1995. SOMES2• Image-analysis-based somatic embryo sorter. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture 22, 675–680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ibaraki, Y., T. Shimazu and K. Kurata, 1996. Relationship between shape of carrot somatic embryos and their growth and development. Acta Horticulturae 440: 549–554

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibaraki, Y. 1996. Image analysis application for somatic embryos production. Unpublished PhD dissertation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113

    Google Scholar 

  • Janick, J., Y.-H. Kim, S. Kitto and Y. Saranga, 1993. Desiccated synthetic seed. In: S. Redenbaugh (Ed.), Synseeds, pp. 3–7. CRC press, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kishira, H., M. Takada and Y. Shoyama, 1992. Micropropagation of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer by somatic embryos. Acta Horticulturae 319: 197–199

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurata, K., M. Terada, M. Komine and H. K. Liyanage, 1991. Computer vision for selecting somatic embryos. ASAE Paper No. 913054

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurata, K. and H. Shono, 1992. An application of Fourier descriptor for selecting somatic embryos. Acta Horticulturae 319: 591–594

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurata, K., M. Komme, H. K. Liyanage and Y. Ibaraki, 1993. A thinning-based algorithm for evaluation somatic embryos. Tansactions of the ASAE 36 (5): 1485–1489

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurata, K., 1995. Image analysis for embryogenesis. In: J. Aitken-Christie, T. Kozai and M. A. L. Smith (Eds.), Automation and environmental control in plant tissue cultures, pp. 165–186. Kluwer academic publishers, Dordrecht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larkin, P. J. and W. R. Scowcroft, 1981. Somaclonal variation–a novel source of variability from cell cultures for plant improvement. Theor Appl Genet 60: 197–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, X. Q., 1993. Somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed technology using carrot as a model plant. In: S. Redenbaugh (Ed.), Synseeds, pp. 289–304. CRC press, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ling, P. P., Z. Cheng and D. J. Musacchio, 1996. Quantification of somatic coffee embryo growth using machine vision. Transactions of the ASAE 38 (6): 1911–1917

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, C.-M., Z.-H. Xu and N.-H. Chua, 1993. Auxin polar transport is essential for the establishment of bilateral symmetry during early plant embryogenesis. The Plant Cell 5: 621–630

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liyanage, K. H. and K. Kurata, 1992. Relation between the shape of carrot somatic embryos and 188 their quality plant regeneration. Acta Horticulturae 319: 267–272

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitra, J, M. O. Mapes and F. C. Steward, 1960. Growth and organized development of cultured cells. IV. The behavior of the nucleus. Am J Bot 47: 357–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Molto, E. and R. C. Harrell, 1992. Neural network classification of sweet potato embryos. Optics in Agriculture and Forestry, SPIE 1836: 239–249

    Google Scholar 

  • Moon, Y.-H., S.-K. Kim, S.-B. Choi and K.-W. Lee, 1994. Plant regeneration of soybean cultivars via somatic embryogenesis. J. Plant Biol 37: 333–341

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nickle, T. C. and E. C. Yeung, 1993. Failure to establish a functional shoot meristem may be a cause of conversion failure in somatic embryos of Daucus carota ( Apiaceae ). Am J Bot 80: 1284–1291

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, D. R., F. B. Webster, D. R. Cyr, T. K. Edmonds, S. M. A. Grimes and B. C. S. Sutton, 1995. A delivery system for naked somatic embryos of interior spruce. In: J. Aitken-Christie, T. Kozai and M. A. L. Smith (Eds.), Automation and environmental control in plant tissue cultures, pp. 145–164. Kluwer academic publishers, Dordrecht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez, D. L., S. L. Kitto and K. M. Lomax, 1990. Mechanical purification of torpedo stage somatic embryos of Daucus carota L.. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult 23: 9–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto, Y., T. Mashiko, A. Suzuki and H. Kawata, 1992. Development of encapsulation technology for synthetic seeds. Acta Horticulturae 319: 71–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Shono, H. and K. Kurata, 1993. An application of generalized Hough transform in selecting somatic embryos. Environ Control in Biol 31: 109–113 (in Japanese with English abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Suhasini, K., A. P. Sagare and K. V. Krishnamurthy, 1996. Study of aberrant morphologies and lack of conversion of somatic embryos of chickpea (Ciceer arietinum L.). In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 32p: 6–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Uozumi, N., T. Yoshino, S. Shiotani, K. I. Suehara, F. Arai, T. Fukuda and T. Kobayashi, 1993. Application of image analysis with neural network for plant somatic embryo culture. J Ferment Bioeng. 76: 505–509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wetzstein, H. Y. and C. M. Baker, 1993. The relationship between somatic embryo morphology and conversion in peanut Arachis hypogaea L.. Plant Sci 92: 81–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, C., C.-M. Chi, E. J. Staba, T. J. Cooke and W.-S. Hu, 1996. Application of image analysis to fed-batch cultures of somatic embryos. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 32p: 190–198

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan

    Yasuomi Ibaraki

Authors
  1. Yasuomi Ibaraki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Production, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

    S. Mohan Jain (Book Project Leader) (Book Project Leader)

  2. Weyerhaeuser Inc., Tacoma, Washington, USA

    Pramod K. Gupta

  3. Department of Forest Science, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas, USA

    Ronald J. Newton

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ibaraki, Y. (1999). Image Analysis for Sorting Somatic Embryos. In: Jain, S.M., Gupta, P.K., Newton, R.J. (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants. Forestry Sciences, vol 55. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3032-7_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3032-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5129-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-3032-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation