Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Harry Waris, A Pioneer in Somatic Embryogenesis

  • Chapter
Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 67))

Abstract

Harry Waris was born on the 5th of May, 1893 in the family of a physician Eliel Warén in Saarijärvi, Central Finland. His mother Elina (born Ignatius) belonged to a well-known academic family His early education was in a public school (The Finnish Normal Lyceum) in Helsinki Many of his pupils continued with their higher education and well placed at higher positions in the Finnish society.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ahmadjian, V., 1967. The lichen symbiosis. A Blaisdell book in the pure and applied sciences, Blaisdell Publishing Company, Waltham, M. A. 152 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allsopp, A.,1965. The significance for development of water supply, osmotic relations and nutrition. In: Lang, A. (ed.) Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, XV/I. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 504–552.

    Google Scholar 

  • Audus, L. J. & J. H. Quastel, 1947. Toxic effects of amino acids and amines on seedling growth. Nature 160: 222–223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Autio, V.–M. (ed.), 1997. Professorimatrikkeli 1918–1996 = Professorsmatrikel 1918–1996. Helsingin yliopisto, Gummerus, Helsinki. ISBN 951–45–7818–X.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brook, A. J., 1981. The biology of desmids. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. 276 pp. ISBN 0–632–00253–0.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collander, R., 1965. The history of botany in Finland, 1828–1918.With an appendix on forest science by Ilvessalo, Y., Helsinki, Tilgmann. 159 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elfving, F., 1881. Anteckningar om finska desmidiéer. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora fennica 2 (2): 18 pp + Tab. I.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fries, N., 1951. The influence of amino acids on growth and lateral root formation in cotyledonless pea seedlings. Experientia 7: 378.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gautheret, R. J., 1983. Plant tissue culture: A history. Botanical Magasine 96: 393–410.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halperin, W., 1964. Morphogenetic studies with partially synchronized cultures of carrot embryos. Science 146: 408–410.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halperin, W., 1966. Single cell, coconut milk and embryogenesis in vitro. Science 153: 1287–1288.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halperin, W., 1995. In vitro embryogenesis: Some historical issues and unresolved problems. In: Thorpe, T. (ed.) In vitro embryogenesis in plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 1–16. ISBN 0–7923–3149–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johri, B. M. & C. B. Sehgal, 1965. In vitro production of neomorphs in Anethum graveolens. L. Nature 205: 1337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kallio, P., 1975. Harry Ilmari Waris. Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. Esitelmät ja Pöytäkirjat 1975: 7377.

    Google Scholar 

  • Konar, R. N. & K. Nataraja, 1965. Experimental studies in Ranunculus sceleratus L. Development of embryos from the stem epidermis. Phytomorphology 105: 348–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krikorian, A D. & L. K. Simola, 1999. Totipotency, somatic embryogenesis & Harry Waris (18931973). Physiologia Plantarum 105: 348–355.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lang, A., 1961. Entwicklungsphysiologie. (Chemische Regulation der Entwicklung and verwandte Aspekte). Bericht über die Jahre 1957–1960. Fortschritte der Botanik 23: 312–345.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meindl, U., 1993. Micrasterias cells as a model system for research on morphogenesis. Microbiological Reviews 57: 415–433.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miettinen, J. K. & H. Waris, 1958. A chemical study on the neomorphosis induced by glycine in Oenanthe aquatica. Physiologia Plantarum 11: 193–199.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinert, J., 1959a. Untersuchungen über die Morphogenese an Gewebekulturen. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 71: 15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinert, J., 1959b. Über die Kontrolle der Morphogenese and die Induktion von Adventive-Embryonen an Gewebekulturen aus Karotten. Planta 53: 318–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reinert, J., D. Backs & M. Krosing, 1966. Faktoren der Embryogenese in Gewebekulturen aus Kulturformen von Umbelliferen. Planta 68: 375–378.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salonen, M.-L., 1980. Glutamate-and aspartate-derived amino acids as nitrogen sources for the callus of Atropa belladonna L. Annales Botanici Fennici 17: 357–378.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salonen, M.-L. & L. K. Simola, 1977. Dipeptides and amino acids as nitrogen sources for the callus of Atropa belladonna. Physiologia Plantarum 41: 55–58.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, M. E. & P. R. Burkholder, 1948. Influence of amino acids on growth of Datura embryos in culture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 34: 516–526.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwendener, S., 1872. Erörterungen zur Gonidienfrage III. Flora 15: 225–234.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K., 1966. Chemical and morphological characteristics of some endemic species of Lathyrus. Suomen Kemistilehti B 39: 148–150.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K., 1968a. Comparative studies on number of leaflets, venation and epidermal structure in the genus Lathyrus. Canadian Journal Botany 46: 71–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K., 1968b. Comparative studies on the amino acid pools of three Lathyrus species. Acta Botanica Pennies 81: 1–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K., 1973. Development of chloroplasts in intact Atropa belladonna and in stem callus cultures during greening and leaf differentiation. Annales Academies Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. IV Biol. 196: 10 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K., 1978. The effect of several amino acids and some inorganic nitrogen sources on the growth ofDrosera rotundifolia in long-and short-day conditions. Zeitschrift flir Pflanzenphysiologie 90: 61–68.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K. & T. Mikkilä, 1972. The effect of gibberellic acid and CCC on the anatomy and morphogenesis of Coreopsis tinctoria L. Annales Botanici Fennici 9: 1–19.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simola, L. K. & A. Santanen, 1990. Improvement of nutrient medium for growth and embryogenesis of megagametophyte and embryo callus lines of Picea ables. Physiologia Plantarum 80: 27–35.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, R. A., 1947. Growth responses to organic compounds by tobacco seedlings in aseptic culture. Journal of Agricultural Research 75: 81–92.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, R. A., 1949. Symptoms of amino acid action on tobacco seedlings in aseptic culture. Journal of Agricultural Research 78: 733–741.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, R. A., Bowling, J. D. and J. E. McMurtrey, Jr., 1950. Accumulation of free amino acids as a chemical basis for morphological symptoms in tobacco manifesting frenching and mineral deficiency symptoms. Plant Physiology 25: 279–288.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steward, F. C., 1968. Growth and organization in plants. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. 564 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steward, F. C., Mapes, M. O. & K. Mears, 1958. Growth and organized development of cultured cells II: Organization in cultures grown from freely suspended cells. American Journal of Botany 45: 705–708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Street, H. E., Hughes, J. C. & J. S. Lewis, 1960. Studies on the growth of excised roots. X. Individual amino acids and acid-hydrolysed casein as nitrogen sources for the growth of excised tomato roots. New Phytologist. 59: 273–287.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Syono, K., 1965. Changes in organ forming capacity of carrot root calluses during subcultures. Plant et Cell Physiology 6: 403–419.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tim, R., Lehtonen, J., Lemmetyinen, R., Pihakaski, S. & P. Portin, 1993. Biologian sanakirja [The biological dictionary], Otava, Keuruu, 607 pp, ISBN 951–11390–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tschernack–Woess, E., 1988. The algal partner. In: M. Galun: CRC handbook of lichenology. Vol. I:39–92. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton. Florida. ISBN 0–8493–3581–7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tulecke, W., 1960. Arginine-requiring strains of tissue obtained from Ginkgo pollen. Plant Physiology 35: 19–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turun Yliopiston Vuosikirja 1939–1942 [Year book of Turku University 1939–1942]. Polytypos Turku, 1943, 114 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turun Yliopiston Vuosikirja 1943–1948 [Year book of Turku University 1943–1948]. Polytypos Turku, 1949, 123 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valle, E. & A. I. Virtanen, 1960. On the uptake and assimilation of D- and L-amino acids by pea and barley plants. Suomen Kemistilehti 33B: 201–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasil, I. K. & V. Vasil, 1972. Totipotency and embryogenesis in plant cell and tissue cultures. In Vitro 8: 117–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Virtanen, A. I. & H. Linkola, 1946. Organic nitrogen compounds as nitrogen nutrition for higher plants. Nature 158: 515.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Virtanen, A. I. & H. Linkola, 1957. On the effect of amino acids and amines on the growth and the form of the pea plant. Suomen Kemistilehti 30B: 220–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wardlaw, C. W., 1965. Organization and evolution in plants. Longmans, London, 499 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wardlaw, C. W., 1968. Morphogenesis in plants. A contemporary study. “Mattwen & Co. LTD”. London, 451 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warén, H., 1920. Reinkulturen von Flechtengonidien. Ófversigt of Finska Vetenskaps-Societetens Förhandlingar 61 A(14): 79 pp + plates IX.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warén, H., 1924. Untersuchungen über die botanische Entwicklung der Moore mit Berücksichtigung der chemischen Zusammensetzung des Torfes. Suomen Suoviljely-yhdistys. Tieteellisiä julkaisuja. Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen des Finnischen Moorkulturvereins

    Google Scholar 

  • Warén, H., 1926a. Nahrungsphysiologische Versuche an Micrasterias. Societas Scientiarum Fennica. Commentationes Biologiae II (8): 42 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warén, H., 19266. Untersuchungen über Sphagnumreiche Pflanzengesellschaften der Moore Finnlands unter Berücksichtigung der soziologischen Bedeutung der einzelnen Arten. Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica 55 (8): 133 pp + plates IX.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warén, H., 1933. Über die Rolle des Calciums im Leben der Zelle auf Grund von Versuchen am Micrasterias. Planta 19 (1): 45 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris (Warén), 1936. H. Über des Calciumbedürfnis der niederen Algen. Planta 25: 460–470.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1939. Über den Antagonismus von Wasserstoffionen und Metallkationen bei Micrasterias. Acta Botanica Fennica 24, 36 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1950a. Cytophysiological studies onMicrasterias. I. Nuclear and cell division. Physiologia Plantarum 3: 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1950b. Cytophysiological studies on Micrasterias. Il. The cytoplasmic framework and its mutation. Physiologia Plantarum 3: 236–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1951. Cytophysiological studies on Micrasterias. III. Factors influencing the development of enucleate cells. Physiologia Plantarum 4: 387–409.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1953. The significance for algae of chelating substances in the nutrient solutions. Physiologia Plantarum 6: 538–543.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1956. Cytophysiological studies on Micrasterias. IV. The effects of acids upon the nuclear aspect and the resistance of the cell. Physiologia Plantarum 9: 82–101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1957a. A striking morphogenetic effect of amino acid in seed plant. Suomen Kemistilehti 30: 121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1957b. Kukkakasvin kemiallisesti aikaansaatu muodonmuutos [A chemical-induced change in the morphogenesis of a flowering plant]. Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. Esitelmät ja Pöytäkirjat 1957, 117–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1958a. Simple devices for aseptic culture of seed plants. Physiologia Plantarum 11: 627–630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 19586. Splitting of the nucleus by centrifuging in Micrasterias. Annales Academite Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. A IV Biol. 40: 20 pp + plates XII.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1959. Neomorphosis in seed plants induced by amino acids I. Oenanthe aquútica. Physiologia Plantarum 12: 753–766.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1962. Neomorphosis in seed plants induced by amino acids II. Oenanthe lachenalii. Physiologia Plantarum 15: 736–752.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H., 1967. Morphological changes in seed plants induced with amino acids, purines and pyrimidines. Annales Academite Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. A IV Biol. 106: 66 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H. & P. Kallio, 1957. Morphogenetic effects of chemical agents and nucleo-cytoplasmic relations in Micrasterias. Annales Academite Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. A IV Biol. 37:16 pp + plates I V.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H. & P. Kallio, 1964. Morphogenesis in Micrasterias. Advances in Morphogenesis 4: 45–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H. & P. Kallio, 1972. Effects of enucleation on Micrasterias. Biology and Radiobiology of Anucleate Systems. II. Plant Cells., pp. 137–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waris, H. & I. Rouhiainen, 1970. Permanent and temporary morphological changes in Micrasterias induced by gamma rays. Annales Academite Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. A IV, Biol. 167: 13 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warts, H., L. K. Simola & A. Grano, 1972. Aseptic cultures of seed plants at various sucrose concentrations with and without gibberellin. Annales Academia: Scientiarum Fennicae, Ser. A IV Biol. 188: 12 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, Ph. R., 1937. Amino acids in the nutrition of excised tomato roots. Plant Physiology 12: 793–802.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woltz, S. S., 1963. Growth-modifying and antimetabolite effects of amino acids on Chrysanthemum. Plant Physiology 38: 93–99.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, PL 56 (Viikinkaari 9), FIN-00014, Finland

    Liisa Kaarina Simola

Authors
  1. Liisa Kaarina Simola
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, FAO/IAEA Division, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria

    S. Mohan Jain

  2. Weyerhaeuser Inc., Tacoma, Washington, USA

    Pramod K. Gupta

  3. Department of Biology, East Carolina University Greenville, North Carolina, USA

    Ronald J. Newton

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Simola, L.K. (2000). Harry Waris, A Pioneer in Somatic Embryogenesis. In: Jain, S.M., Gupta, P.K., Newton, R.J. (eds) Somatic Embryogenesis in Woody Plants. Forestry Sciences, vol 67. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3030-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3030-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5508-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-3030-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation