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Consequences of depletion of stratospheric ozone for terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems: the response of Deschampsia antarctica to enhanced UV-B radiation in a controlled environment

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Responses of Plants to UV-B Radiation

Part of the book series: Advances in Vegetation Science ((AIVS,volume 18))

Abstract

Mini UV lamps were installed over antarctic plants at Léonie Island, Antarctic peninsula, and shoot length measurements of Deschampsia antarctica were performed during the austral summer January—February 1999.

We studied the response of the antarctic hairgrass, Deschampsia antarctica to enhanced UV-B. In a climate room experiment we exposed tillers of Deschampsia antarctica, collected at Léonie Island, Antarctic peninsula, to ambient and enhanced levels of UV-B radiation. In this climate room experiment with 0, 2.5 and 5 kJ m−2 day−1 UV-BBE treatments we observed that length growth of shoots at 2.5 and 5 kJ m−2 day−1 UV-BBE was markedly reduced compared to 0 kJ m−2 day−1 UV-BBE. In addition, there was an increased number of shoots and increased leaf thickness with enhanced UV-B. The Relative Growth Rate (RGR) was not affected by UV-B, possibly because reduced shoot length growth by enhanced UV-B was compensated by increased tillering. Light response curves of net leaf photosynthesis of plants exposed to 5 kJ m−2 day−1 UV-BBE did not differ from those exposed to 0 kJ m−2 day−1 UV-BBE. The content of UV-B absorbing compounds of plants exposed to increasing UV-B did not significantly change.

Mini UV-B lamp systems were installed in the field, to expose the terrestrial antarctic vegetation at Léonie Island to enhanced solar UV-B. In that study, the increment of shoot length of tagged plants of Deschampsia antarctica during the January-February 1999 at Léonie Island, was recorded and compared to shoot length growth under controlled conditions.

The consequences of enhanced UV-B radiation as a result of ozone depletion for the terrestrial antarctic ecosytems are discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Systems Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Jelte Rozema, Rob Broekman, Nancy de Bakker, Barbara Meijkamp & Adri van Beem

  2. CEMO, Yerseke, The Netherlands

    Daniela Lud, Ad H. J. Huiskes & Tanja Moerdijk

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  1. Department of Systems Ecology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Jelte Rozema

  2. Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Patras, Greece

    Yiannis Manetas

  3. Department of Plant Physiology, Lund University, Sweden

    Lars-Olof Björn

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Rozema, J. et al. (2001). Consequences of depletion of stratospheric ozone for terrestrial Antarctic ecosystems: the response of Deschampsia antarctica to enhanced UV-B radiation in a controlled environment. In: Rozema, J., Manetas, Y., Björn, LO. (eds) Responses of Plants to UV-B Radiation. Advances in Vegetation Science, vol 18. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2892-8_10

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