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Probiotics 3 pp 176–192Cite as

Modulation of Cytokine Expression by Lactobacilli, and its Possible Therapeutic Use

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Abstract

Lactobacilli have been used for many centuries in the preparation and processing of food and beverages. Currently, lactobacilli are also known for their health-stimulating activities. Such intrinsic properties include: anti-carcinogenic activity, control of intestinal infections, improvement of lactose metabolism, control of serum cholesterol levels, as well as positive effects on allergy and experimental autoimmune diseases (du Toit et al., 1998; Salminen et al., 1996). It should be noted that not all strains from the very large and diverse genus Lactobacillus exhibit the same health-stimulating properties and may vary in strength of the effect obtained. Although some of the mentioned positive effects of lactobacilli are mediated by non-immune components such as production, stimulation or reduction of vitamins, enzymes, and antibiotics, immunomodulation by lactobacilli seems to be very important (Rao and Shahani, 1987; Fernandes et al., 1987; Shahani et al., 1977). One of the possible mechanisms for lactobacilli to influence allergy, autoimmunity, infection and carcinogenesis is by affecting cytokine expression in a specific or nonspecific manner. Modulation of the local cytokine profile in the gut probably is most effective. Therefore, oral administration of lactobacilli could enhance protection and improve treatment of intestinal infections, food allergy and colon cancer by inducing or reducing level of distinct cytokines. But apparently, oral lactobacilli can also influence distinct disease areas, like autoimmune diseases of the brains and cancer of the pancreas and bladder. Figure 7.1 shows which cytokines positively influence certain disorders when their expression is altered by oral administration of lactobacilli.

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  1. C. B. M. Maassen
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  2. J. D. Laman
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  3. W. J. A. Boersma
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  4. E. Claassen
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Gut Microecology, 59 Ryeish Green, Three Mile Cross, RG7 1ES, Reading, UK

    R. Fuller (Freelance Consultant) (Freelance Consultant)

  2. Tucumán University, Argentina

    G. Perdigon (Professor of Immunology) (Professor of Immunology)

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Maassen, C.B.M., Laman, J.D., Boersma, W.J.A., Claassen, E. (2000). Modulation of Cytokine Expression by Lactobacilli, and its Possible Therapeutic Use. In: Fuller, R., Perdigon, G. (eds) Probiotics 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2768-6_7

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