Abstract
Today CCA preservatives are widely used throughout the world for the treatment of many types of timber commodities which have been made from many kinds of timber species. They are the best all-round water-borne preservatives which have been formulated to date. The combination of being highly effective against the broad spectrum of biological wood destroying agencies and of being highly permanent (i.e. fixed) in the timber has meant that they occupy a unique position in the types of products, formulations and processes used in the wood preservation industry. This Chapter is concerned with a general introduction to the properties of CCA’s and CCA treated timber. It also reviews the main areas of the world bounded by the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. Useful references for standards and specifications from Britain, Europe and the United States of America
British Standard BS 4072 1974 Wood preservation by means of waterborne copper/chrome/arsenic compositions.
British Standard BS 1282 Guide to the choice use and application of wood preservatives.
Handbook of Hardwoods 1972 HMSO (reprinted 1977).
Handbook of Softwoods 1957 HMSO (reprinted 1977).
Tack, CH (1979) The preservation of timber for tropical building. Overseas Building Notes No 183. Building Research Establishment, Department of the Environment.
Wilkinson, JG (1979) Industrial Timber Preservation The Rentokil Library, London.
DIN 52175 (1975) Wood preservation terms — fundamentals.
Marque de qualite, Liste de produits homologues et guide de l’utilisateur produit de preservation du bois, Centre Technique du Bois, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, France.
AWPA P5 (1974) Waterborne Preservatives. American Wood Preservers’ Association.
Hartsford, WH Chemical and Physical Properties of Wood Preservatives and Wood Preservative Systems, pp 1–20 (see in Nicholas (1973)).
Arsenault, RD Factors influencing the effectiveness of Preservative Systems, pp 121278 (see in Nicholas 1973 ).
Wood Deterioration and its Prevention by Preservative Treatments Vol. II. Preservatives and Preservative Systems, edited by Darrel D. Nicholas (1973) Syracuse University Press.
B. Some standards, specifications and published papers on the use of CCA preservatives in the tropics
IRAM 9505 (1965) Wood Preservatives — Recommended Application and Retention.
IRAM 9513 Eucalyptus poles for overhead electricity lines preserved with creosote, pentachlorophenol and CCA salts.
IRAM 9587 Pine poles for overhead electricity lines preserved with creosote, pentachlorophenol and CCA salts.
ICONTEC 794 Wood poles and posts. The evaluation of tests with preservatives, Columbia.
EB-474 1973 Wood preserved fence posts. Associacao Brasiliera de Normas Tecnicas.
EB-596 1973 Wood preserved Eucalyptus poles under pressure. Associacao Brasillera de Normas Tecnicas.
MB-790 1973 Penetration and Retention of Preservatives in Wood Poles. Associacao Brasillera de Normas Tecnicas.
Nigeria Standard Specification for Wood Poles (1965) Revised.
A Code of Practice for Wood Preservation in Tanzania (1966).
Natural Durability and Preservation of One Hundred Tropical African Woods (1976). Yves Fortin and Jean Poliquin. IRDC-017e International Development Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
Satish Kumar and R.P. Sharma (1982) Pressure impregnation of hardwoods I. Treatment Schedules for easy to treat wood species. Journal of Timber Development Association of India 28, 4: 24–29.
IS 401 — 1967 Code of Practice for the Preservation of Timber. India Standards Institution, New Delhi, ( Second Revision 1977 ).
Abdurahim Martawijaya (1982) Resistance of Indonesian timbers to impregnation with CCA preservative. Pengumuman Communication No. 5. Forest Products Research Institute, Begor, Indonesia.
Indonesian Specification on Building Timbers. KONSEP KE-2 Forest Products Research Institute, Begor, Indonesia.
Malaysian Standard MS 3.38 (1976) Specification for the treatment of timber and plywood with copper/chrome/arsenic preservatives. Standards and Industrial Research Unit of Malaysia (SIRIM).
MS D188 (1975) Specification for the classification of wood preservatives and their method of application.
SS 72 (1971) Specification for the treatment of timber and plywood with copper/ chrome/arsenic wood preservatives. Singapore Institute of Standards and Industrial Research.
Philsa 104 (1975) Preservative treatment by pressure processes of all timber products. Philippine Standards Association, Inc
AS 1604 (1974) Preservative Treated Sawn Timber, Veneer and Plywood. Standards Association of Australia.
AS 2209 (1979) Timber poles for overhead lines. Standards Association of Australia.
New Zealand Timber Preservation Authority Commodity Specification.
Fiji Timbers and Their Uses. ‘Preservative Treatment Specifications’. Department of Forestry, Suva No 69 1981.
Fiji Timbers and Their Uses. ‘Guide to the Use of Preservative Treated Timber’ No 53 1971.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Aston, D. (1985). Copper/Chrome/Arsenic (CCA) Wood preservatives and their application to timbers in the tropics. In: Findlay, W.P.K. (eds) Preservation of timber in the tropics. Forestry Sciences, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2752-5_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2752-5_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-8288-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-2752-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive