Abstract
Risk refers to debates about the possibility that something might go wrong. Risks are rooted in human behaviour1, or in natural surprises or extreme events (also referred to as external risks). The notion of ‘risk’ traces back to the 13th century2. The word ‘risk’ is derived from the Italian word ‘rischiare’ that has its origins in the Greek notion ‘rhiza’ which literally means ‘root’ or ‘cliff’. This word got the metaphorical meaning of everything that sticks out, and thereby can constitute a danger. The word risk circulated in Italy in the context of insurance against the loss of shiploads coming from the Orient through, for example, storms or piracy. The notion of ‘risk’ is still used in the context of insurance, but apart from that it has become a widely applied, often used and ambiguous notion. It is used in the field of business, technology, health, politics, sport, games, and even in love. ‘Risk’ originally had a negative connotation, as something dreadful (for example, in the case of nuclear energy). It is now also used positively, namely as a challenge (for example, in the case of stock exchange) or even as a kick that one is seeking (for example, bungy-jumping)3.
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van Asselt, M.B.A. (2000). Risk. In: Perspectives on Uncertainty and Risk. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2583-5_4
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