Abstract
Lake Ringsjön, a naturally productive lake in southern Sweden, was subjected to high external phosphorus loading during the 20th century and became highly productive. In spite of effective waste water treatment which reduced external phosphorus loading, the improvements in lake water quality were moderate and proceeded at low rate. Consequently cyprinid reduction, which was expected to affect water clarity via several intertrophic mechanisms, was implemented as a measure for restoring the lake. The fish removal was performed using a board trawler equipped with a herring trawl modified for bottom trawling. The bottom rope of the trawl was 11 m and the total length of the trawl was 20 m, the cod end mesh size was 11 mm (knot to knot). In the beginning the catch amounted to I ton of fish in less than 2 hours, logistic problems bringing the catch to shore and replacing all piscivorous fish into the lake reduced the initial daily catch to 2–3 tons. A grand total of 240 tons of fish were removed by trawling Lake Ringsjön over a 3 year period. The catch was either fermented with myric acid or deep-frozen before being used as mink and pelican food respectively. Some of the catch was also used for gas production. The cost for boats and equipment was approximately 60 000 US$. The three persons needed for fishing and sorting as well as the costs of taking care of the catch on land are not included in this sum.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andersson, G., 1984. The role of fish in lake ecosystems — and in Limnology. In S. Bosheim and M. Nicholls (eds), Interactions Between Trophic Levels in Fresh Water. Norsk limnologforening. Oslo: 189–197.
Annadotter, H., G. Cronberg, R. Ågren, L. Jönsson, B. Lundstedt, P.-A. Nilsson & S. Ströbäck, 1998. Multiple techniques for the restoration of a hypereutrophic lake. In D. Harper, W. Brieley, G. Phillips, and A. Ferguson (eds), The Ecological Basis for Lake and Reservoir Management. Wiley, Chichester.
Björk, S., 1972. Ecosystem studies in connection with restoration of lakes. Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol. 18: 379-387.
Björk, S., 1994. In M. Eiseltovä (ed.), Restoration of Lake Ecosystems — a Holistic Approach. TWRB Gloucester: I–173.
Carpenter, S. R., J. F. Kitchell & J. R. Hodgson, 1985. Cascading trophic interactions and lake productivity. Bioscience 35: 634639.
Fretwell, S. D., 1977. The regulation of plankton communities by the food chains exploiting them. Perspect. Biol. Med. 20: 169185.
Hairston, N. G., F. E. Smith & L. B. Slobodkin, 1960. Community structure, population control and competition. Am. Nat. 94: 421425.
Hamrin, S. F., 1993. Lake restoration by cyprinid control in Sätofta Bay (Lake Ringsjön). Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol. 25: 487-493.
Hansson, L.-A.. M. Enell & E. Bergman, 1999. Lake Ringsjön: its catchment area, its history and its importance. Hydrobiologia 404: 1–7
Nilsson, H., 1914. Nägot om fisket i Ringsjön ( Some notes about the fishery in Lake Ringsjön ). ( In Swedish) Svensk Fiskeritidskrift 23: 80-82.
Oksanen, L., S. D. Fretwell, J. Arruda & P. Niemala, 1981. Exploitation ecosystems in gradients of primary productivity. Am. Nat. 118: 240-261.
Persson, L., 1985. Asymmetrical competition — are larger animals competitively superior ? Am. Nat. 26: 261–266.
Persson, L., G. Andersson, S. F. Hamrin & L. Johansson, 1988. Predator regulation and primary production along the productivity gradient of temperate lake ecosystems. In S. R. Carpenter (ed.), Complex Interactions in Lake Communities. Springer Verlag, N.Y.: 45–65 p.
Persson, L., L. Johansson, G. Andersson, S. Diehl & S. F. Hamrin, 1993. Density dependent interactions in lake ecosystems: whole lake perturbation experiments. Oikos 66: 193–208.
Sverdrup, H., P. Warfvinge & S. F. Hamrin, 1991. A simple model for the eutrophication of Lake Ringsjön. Vatten 47: 197–203.
Trybom, F., 1893. Ringsjön i Malmöhus län dess naturförhållande och fiske. (In Swedish) Medd. Kongl. Lantbruksstyr. 4: 1-42.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hamrin, S.F. (1999). Planning and execution of the fish reduction in Lake Ringsjön. In: Hansson, LA., Bergman, E. (eds) Nutrient Reduction and Biomanipulation as Tools to Improve Water Quality: The Lake Ringsjön Story. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 140. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2462-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2462-3_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5313-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-2462-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive