Abstract
The [149] tableau of modern chemistry that we have so far traced is incomplete. Some thirty years ago a new branch cropped up. To grow, it was obliged to come out of the old moulds where, for three centuries, the doctrines of chemistry have run, cracking the thick crust of atomic, Cartesian and Newtonian hypotheses. Today, having achieved its complete development, it looks like a descendent of the old peripatetic stock, made younger and enlivened with a new vigour. This vigorous and abstruse subject is Chemical Mechanics.
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Reference
H. Sainte-Claire Deville, Leçons sur l’Affinité,presented before the Société chimique, 28 February and 6 March, 1867. (Leçons de la Société chimique,année 1866–1867, p. 52.)
H. Sainte-Claire Deville, loc. cit.,p. 22.
H. Sainte-Claire Deville, loc. cit. p. 5.
H. Sainte-Claire Deville, loc. cit.,p. 64.
mouvement local. [Cf. Duhem’s L’Évolution de la mécanique,(Paris, 1903), Ch. 1, “Peripatetic Mechanics,” where mouvement is introduced as a general concept of change of which change of place, mouvement local, is a special kind.]
H. Sainte-Claire Deville, Leçons sur la Dissociation, presented before the Société chimique, 18 March and 1 April 1864.
The interpretation of James Hall’s experiment and the notion of dissociation [156] pressure derived from it has been given in very clear fashion by Georges Aimé in a thesis submitted in 1834. The writings of George Aimé remained unknown and were without influence on the work of Sainte-Claire Deville and his disciples. (Georges Aimé, De l’influence de la pression sur les actions chimiques, Thesis of Paris, 1834. Reprinted in the Mémoires de la Société des Sciences physique et naturelles de Bordeaux, fifth series, vol. V, 1899.—P. Duhem, “Un point d’histoire des sciences: la tension de dissociation avant H. Sainte-Claire Deville,” Mémoires de la Société des Sciences physique et naturelles de Bordeaux, fifth series, vol. V, 1899, and Journal of Physical Chemistry, vol. III, p. 364, 1899.)
R. Clausuis, Poggendorffs Annalen vol. LXXIX, 1850.—Théorie mécanique de la Chaleur first edition, vol. I, mémoire I.
J. Thomsen, “Die Grundzüge eines thermo-chemischen Systems,” Poggendorff’s Annalen, vol. LXXXVIII, 1853;—vol. XCII, 1854.
The reader who wants to enquire further into the details of the law of maximum work might look into the following writings: P. Duhem, Introduction à la Mécanique chimique,Gand. 1893.—“Thermochimie, à propos d’un livre récent de M. Marcelin Berthelot” Revue des questions scientifiques,2nd. series, vol. VI, 1897 and Paris, 1897 [translated in this volume as “Thermochemistry”].
Pierre Prévost, Recherches physico-mécaniques sur la chaleur. Genève, 1782.
R. Clausuis, Poggendorff’s Annalen,vol. C, p. 353, 1857.—Théorie mécanique de la chaleur,1st. edition, vol. II, mémoire XIV.
Malaguti, Annales de Chimie et de Physique,3rd. series, vol. LI, p. 328, 1857.
Guldberg and Waage, Les Mondes,vol. V, p. 105 and p. 627, 1864.—Études sur les affinités chimiques,Christianja, 1867.
Pfaündler, Poffendorff’s Annalen,vol. CXXXI, p. 55, 1867.
Horstmann, Leibig’s Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie, vol. CLXX, p. 208, 1873.
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Duhem, P. (2002). Chemical Mechanics: First Attempts. In: Mixture and Chemical Combination. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol 223. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2292-6_13
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