Skip to main content

The End of an Era, 1914–1919

  • Chapter
  • 605 Accesses

Part of the book series: Archimedes ((ARIM,volume 5))

Abstract

“The Great War” of 1914–1918 had a significant impact on the usual activities of the Cavendish Laboratory. During that war, the Cavendish virtually ceased its two basic functions of research and teaching. Military personnel were billeted in some areas of the Cavendish, and its workshops and workmen were employed in the production of various gauges. Most researchers left the Cavendish early in the war to fight Germans. Those who remained left the Cavendish later to participate in warrelated scientific research, principally at naval research centers and the National Physical Laboratory. The Cavendish then was maintained by few crippled researchers, senior demonstrators, and some foreign visitors.

Your own work in theoretical and experimental science has been monumental; but your giving to the world so many leading physicists seems a work as unique and farreaching.

L. L. Campbell

No one knows better than I how second-rate any man must feel who succeeds to your chair. In fact I think that will be its greatest drawback; your successor will by this circumstance be kept in a very humble frame of mind, if not an unhappy one.

C. G Barkla

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  1. CUL MSS ADD 7654 C7 (27 November 1926 ): L.L. Campbell to J.J. for celebrating his seventieth birthday.

    Google Scholar 

  2. CUL MSS ADD 7654 B18 (11 March 1919): Barkla to J.J.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Strutt, Life ofJ.J. Thomson, 176–178.

    Google Scholar 

  4. G. M. Caroe, William Henry Bragg, 1862–1942: Man and Scientist (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978 ), 79.

    Google Scholar 

  5. John L. Heilbron, H. G. J Moseley: The Life and Letters of an English Physicist, 1887–1915 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974 ).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ibid., 124–125.

    Google Scholar 

  7. For the activities of B. I. R., sec J.J. Thomson, Recollections, 206–224.

    Google Scholar 

  8. CUL MSS ADD 7654 Gov. 13 (or C40: 2 December 1915): the First Lord of Admiralty to the Secretary of the B. I. R. Brackets added.

    Google Scholar 

  9. CUL MSS ADD 7654 Gov. 1 (or C34: 5 August 1915 ): J.J. to T. E. Crease.

    Google Scholar 

  10. CUL MSS ADD 7654 E2 (20 August 1915 ): W. H. Eccles to J.J.

    Google Scholar 

  11. CUL MSS ADD 7654 Gov. 9 (or C39: 9 October ny): T. E. Crease to J.J.

    Google Scholar 

  12. CUL MSS ADD 7654 D33 (25 November 1915 ): J. J. E. Durack to J.J.

    Google Scholar 

  13. For Henry Bragg’s activities during the war, see Caroe, William Henry Bragg, 79–92. The early report on the anti-submarine project indicates many difficulties in developing effective equipment. See CUL MSS ADD 7654 Gov. 20 (C42A), a classified document stamped of “secret.”

    Google Scholar 

  14. CUL MSS ADD 7654 R70 (13 October 1915): Rutherford to J.J.

    Google Scholar 

  15. CUL MSS ADD 7654 F12, R74, R76, Gov. 36, and M31.

    Google Scholar 

  16. John Terraine, The U-Boat Wars, 1916–1945 ( New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1989 ), 29.

    Google Scholar 

  17. CUR (14 November 1916): 219. For the report on the degrees for research, see CUR (6 October 1916): 50–51.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Strutt, Life of J.J. Thomson, 205.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ibid., 208. For the details of the ceremonies, the congratulatory notes, and other stories about the Mastership, see also ibid., 205–214.

    Google Scholar 

  20. CUL MSS ADD 7653 T28 (18 December 1906 ): J.J. to Rutherford.

    Google Scholar 

  21. CUR (4 March 1919): 495.

    Google Scholar 

  22. For Larmor’s role in the election, see David Wilson, Rutherford: Simple Genius ( Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1983 ), 408–412.

    Google Scholar 

  23. CUL MSS ADD 7653 T43 (7 March 1919): Rutherford to J.J.

    Google Scholar 

  24. CUL MSS ADD 7653 T44 (10 March 1919 ): J.J. to Rutherford.

    Google Scholar 

  25. CUL MSS ADD 7653 S43 (15 March 1919): Rutherford to Schuster. This letter was published in Mark Oliphant, Rutherford: Recollections of the Cambridge Days ( Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1972 ), 16.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Oliphant, ibid., 17.

    Google Scholar 

  27. CUL MSS ADD 7653 T46 (23 March 1919 ): J.J. to Rutherford.

    Google Scholar 

  28. L. Badash, Rutherford and Boltwood, 322, 336, 351.

    Google Scholar 

  29. For the history of the Cavendish Laboratory under Rutherford, see Oliphant, Rutherford: Recollections; Crowther, The Cavendish Laboratory, 176–268; J. Hendry (ed.), Cambridge Physics in the Thirties (Bristol: Adam Hilger, 1984 ); and Jeffrey A. Hughes, The Radioactivists: Community, Controversy and the Rise of Nuclear Physics unpublished Ph.D. dissertation ( Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1993 ).

    Google Scholar 

  30. E. Segrè, From X-rays to Quarks: Modern Physicists and Their Discoveries ( New York: W. H. Freeman and Co., 1980 ), 113.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kim, DW. (2002). The End of an Era, 1914–1919. In: Leadership and Creativity. Archimedes, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2055-7_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2055-7_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5956-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-2055-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics