Abstract
We recently reported that the well-studied fermenting bacterium Lactococcus lactis could grow via a respirative metabolism in the presence of oxygen when a heme source is present. Respiration induces profound changes in L.lactis metabolism, and improvement of oxygen tolerance and long-term survival. Compared to usual fermentation conditions, biomass is approximately doubled by the end of growth, acid production is reduced, and large amounts of normally minor end products accumulate. Lactococci grown via respiration survive markedly better after longterm storage than fermenting cells. We suggest that growth and survival of lactococci are optimal under respiration-permissive conditions, and not under fermentation conditions as previously supposed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Azarkina N, Siletsky S, Borisov V, von Wachenfeldt C, Hederstedt L Konstantinov AA (1999) A cytochrome bb’-type quinol oxidase in Bacillus subtilis strain 168. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 32810–32817.
Blank LM, Koebmann BJ, Michelsen O, Nielsen LK Jensen PR (2001) Hemin reconstitutes proton extrusion in an H(+)-ATPasenegative mutant of Lactococcus lactis. J. Bacteriol. 183: 67076709.
Bolotin A, Wincker P, Mauger S, Jaillon O, Malarme K, Weissenbach J, Ehrlich SD Sorokin A (2001) The complete genome sequence of the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis IL1403. Genome Res. 11: 731–753.
Dukan S Nystrom T (1999) Oxidative stress defense and deterioration of growth-arrested Escherichia coli cells. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 26027–26032.
Duwat P, Ehrlich SD Gruss A (1995) The recA gene of Lactococcus lactis: characterization and involvement in oxidative and thermal stress. Mol. Microbiol. 17: 1121–1131.
Duwat P, Gruss A, LeLoir Y, Gaudu P (1999) Bactéries lactiques transformées pour leur conférer un métabolisme respiratoire, et levains comprenant lesdites bactéries. French patent application FR2798670. http://ep.espacenet.com/
Duwat P, Sourice S, Cesselin B, Lamberet G, Vido K, Gaudu P, Le Loir Y, Violet F, Loubiere P Gruss A (2001) Respiration capacity of the fermenting bacterium Lactococcus lactis and its positive effects on growth and survival. J. Bacteriol. 183: 45094516.
Duwat P, Sourice S Gruss A (1998) Process for preparing starter cultures of lactic acid bacteria. French patent application FR9809463. http://ep.espacenet.com/
Edwards SE, Loder CS, Wu G, Corker H, Bainbridge BW, Hill S Poole RK (2000) Mutation of cytochrome bd quinol oxidase results in reduced stationary phase survival, iron deprivation, metal toxicity and oxidative stress in Azotobacter vinelandii. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 185: 71–77.
Fenton MP (1987) An investigation into the sources of lactic acid bacteria in grass silage. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 62: 181–188.
Fridovich I (1989) Superoxide dismutases. An adaptation to a paramagnetic gas. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 7761–7764.
Gennis RB Stewart V (1996) Respiration. In: Neidhardt FC (Ed) Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and Molecular Biology Vol. I (pp 217–261 ). ASM Press, Washington, DC.
Georgiou CD, Dueweke TJ Gennis RB (1988) Regulation of expression of the cytochrome d terminal oxidase in Escherichia coli is transcriptional. J. Bacteriol. 170: 961–966.
Goldman BS, Gabbert KK Kranz RG (1996) The temperature-sensitive growth and survival phenotypes of Escherichia coli cydDC and cydAB strains are due to deficiencies in cytochrome bd and are corrected by exogenous catalase and reducing agents. J. Bacteriol. 178: 6348–6351.
Gory L, Montel MC Zagorec M (2001) Use of green fluorescent protein to monitor Lactobacillus sakei in fermented meat products. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 194: 127–133.
Hansen MC, Palmer RJ Jr, Udsen C, White DC Molin S (2001) Assessment of GFP fluorescence in cells of Streptococcus gordonii under conditions of low pH and low oxygen concentration. Microbiology 147: 1383–1391.
Hirsch A (1952) The evolution of the lactic acid bacteria. J. Dairy Res. 19: 290–293
Kaneko T, Tagahashi M Suzuki H (1990) Acetoin fermentation by citrate-positive Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis 3022 grown aerobically in the presence of hemin or Cu2+. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56: 2644–2649.
Kelly WJ, Davey GP Ward LJ (1998) Characterization of lactococci isolated from minimally processed fresh fruit and vegetables. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 45: 85–92.
Kim WS, Park JH, Ren J, Su P Dunn NW (2001) Survival response and rearrangement of plasmid DNA of Lactococcus lactis during long-term starvation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 4594–4602.
Koebmann BJ, Nilsson D, Kuipers OP Jensen PR (2000) The membrane-bound H(+)-ATPase complex is essential for growth of Lactococcus lactis. J. Bacteriol. 182: 4738–4743.
Lopez de Felipe F, Starrenburg M J C Hugenholtz J (1997) The role of NADH oxidation in acetoin and diacetyl production from glucose in Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis MG1363. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 156: 15–19
Macy J, Probst I Gottschalk G (1975) Evidence for cytochrome involvement in fumarate reduction and adenosine 5/ -triphosphate synthesis by Bacteroides fragilis grown in the presence of hemin. J. Bacteriol. 123: 436–442.
Meisel J, Wolf, G Hammes WP (1994) Heme-dependent cytochrome formation in Lactobacillus maltaromicus. System. Appl. Microbiol. 17: 20–23
Poole RK Cook GM (2000) Redundancy of aerobic respiratory chains in bacteria? Routes, reasons and regulation. Adv. Microb. Physiol. 43: 165–224.
Poquet I, Saint V, Seznec E, Simoes N, Bolotin A Gruss A (2000) HtrA is the unique surface housekeeping protease in Lactococcus lactis and is required for natural protein processing. Mol. Microbiol. 35: 1042–1051.
Ritchey TW Seeley HWJ (1976) Distribution of cytochrome-like respiration in Streptococci. J. Gen. Microbiol. 93: 195–203.
Sanders JW, Leenhouts KJ, Haandrikman AJ, Venema G Kok J (1995) Stress response in Lactococcus lactis: cloning, expression analysis, and mutation of the lactococcal superoxide dismutase gene. J. Bacteriol. 177: 5254–5260.
Siegele DA, Imlay KR Imlay JA (1996) The stationary-phase-exit defect of cydC (surB) mutants is due to the lack of a functional terminal cytochrome oxidase. J. Bacteriol. 178: 6091–6096.
Sijpesteijn AK (1970) Induction of cytochrome formation and stimulation of oxidative dissimilation by hemin in Streptococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 36: 335–348
Whittenbury R (1978) Biochemical characteristics of Streptococcus species. Soc. Appl. Bacteriol. Symp. Ser. 7: 51–69
Winstedt L, Frankenberg L, Hederstedt L von Wachenfeldt C (2000) Enterococcus faecalis V583 contains a cytochrome bd-type respiratory oxidase. J. Bacteriol. 182: 3863–3866.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gaudu, P. et al. (2002). Respiration capacity and consequences in Lactococcus lactis . In: Siezen, R.J., Kok, J., Abee, T., Schasfsma, G. (eds) Lactic Acid Bacteria: Genetics, Metabolism and Applications. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2029-8_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2029-8_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6141-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-2029-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive