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Helicobactor pylori pp 31–41Cite as

Epidemiology and postulated pathogenesis of liver and biliary tract pathogenic Helicobacter species

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Abstract

The link between Helicobacter pylori and gastric infection and malignancy has been firmly established since the discovery of this organism 20 years ago, and, in addition, there are now several studies implicating H. pylori infection as a risk factor for cardiac1–3 and other extraintestinal diseases. Furthermore, among the more than 20 Helicobacter species currently described, several have been linked to hepatobiliary and intestinal diseases. The human liver is normally sterile and has effective systems to escape bacterial pathogens. The biliary tree is likewise normally sterile but, when bile stones are present various microbes can be cultured from or detected in bile or the gallbladder wall4,5. Salmonella spp and Enterococcus spp can grow in the presence of bile, having been regularly isolated from chronic carriers and patients with cholecystitis, respectively6. Various conditions such as common bile duct or cystic duct obstruction, or infection can decrease the pH of bile which in turn could enhance the survival of H. pylori in a bile-rich environment7.

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Authors
  1. T. Wadström
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  2. S. O. Hynes
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  3. Å. Ljungh
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University Medical Centre, 1200 Main Street West, L8N 3Z5, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

    Richard H. Hunt (Professor of Medicine, Director) (Professor of Medicine, Director)

  2. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Centre, 9 Meibergdreef, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Guido N. J. Tytgat (Professor) (Professor)

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Wadström, T., Hynes, S.O., Ljungh, Å. (2003). Epidemiology and postulated pathogenesis of liver and biliary tract pathogenic Helicobacter species. In: Hunt, R.H., Tytgat, G.N.J. (eds) Helicobactor pylori. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1763-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1763-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

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