Inventory of Kazakstan Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990

Abstract

As part of its obligations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Republic of Kazakstan conducted an inventory of greenhouse gas emissions. The results of the estimation of emissions and removals in Kazakstan are provided. The emissions estimates were calculated using the IPCC Draft Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, amended to reflect conditions in Kazakstan. Estimations are provided for the year 1990. Total net Kazakstan emissions were 64.579 Tg C-equivalent. The most important emissions source is the energy sector, which is responsible for 58.172 Tg C-equivalent, or about 90% of all greenhouse gas emissions. The most important non-energy emissions source in Kazakstan is the agriculture sector, which contributes about 5.564 Tg C-equivalent, 9% of total emissions. The largest sources of carbon dioxide are heat powerplants and large boiler houses, which contribute 48% of total carbon dioxide emissions. Internal combustion engines, residential boiler houses and stoves, and the light and food industries contribute 17%, 16%, and 8%, respectively, of the total carbon dioxide emissions. The major sources of methane are coal mines and refinery enterprises (fugitive fuel emissions, 49%) and agriculture (45%). Nitrous oxide is emitted primarily by heat powerplants and large boiler houses (51% of the total nitrous oxide emitted), followed by internal combustion engines (27% of the total). Kazakstan emissions were slightly offset by an uptake of carbon by forests of 1.094 Tg C-equivalent, or almost 2% of net Kazakstan emissions.