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Biomaterials for Cell Immobilization

A look at carrier design

  • Chapter
Fundamentals of Cell Immobilisation Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Focus on Biotechnology ((FOBI,volume 8A))

Abstract

There are several major biomedical applications where the transplantation of immobilized cells is being employed to restore, maintain or improve tissue function. These strategies can be split into two main categories: the replacement of biochemical function only or the replacement of structurally functional tissue. As only chemical communication (e.g., diffusion of molecules) is required in the former, it is possible to deliver cells encapsulated in a nanoporous, immunoisolatory polymer membrane. The membranes is constructed such that there are pores large enough to allow for nutrients, waste and the bioactive factor to diffuse but not large enough as to allow immune cells to attack the cells within [1]. This strategy has mainly been employed to temporarily or permanently replace biochemical functions of the liver [2,3], pancreas [4,5], and provide local protein delivery in neurological disorders [6]. The second major strategy involves entrapping cells on a micro or macroporous polymer scaffold and promoting the formation of a new tissue that is structurally and functionally integrated with the surrounding tissue. The scaffold is constructed with a biocompatible material that degrades over time to leave only the integrated tissue in its place. Researchers have attempted to use this strategy with a variety of tissues, including skin [7,8,9], liver [10,11,12], pancreas [13], cornea [14], blood vessels [15,16], cartilage [17,18], heart [19], and bone [20,21].

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  1. Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward, 3074 H.H. Dow, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Kathryn W. Riddle & David J. Mooney

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  1. University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro

    Viktor Nedović

  2. Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium

    Ronnie Willaert

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Riddle, K.W., Mooney, D.J. (2004). Biomaterials for Cell Immobilization. In: Nedović, V., Willaert, R. (eds) Fundamentals of Cell Immobilisation Biotechnology. Focus on Biotechnology, vol 8A. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1638-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1638-3_1

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