Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Reprocessing of Commingled Polymers and Recycling of Polymer Blends

  • Chapter
Frontiers in the Science and Technology of Polymer Recycling

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 351))

Abstract

Out of the three methods of plastic waste recycling, that is, polymer recycling, feedstock recycling, and energy recovery, the former is the most desirable. The polymer recycling usually involves: segregation, washing, shredding and extruding. During melt-extrusion, the material undergoes devolatilization, stabilization, compatibilization, alloying, filtering and pelletization. The ABC of the polymer recycling technology, the alloying, blending, and compounding, is summarized in three parts: (i) The physics and chemistry of polymer blending, (ii) Compounding and processing of polymer blends, and (iii) Polymer blends’ recycling.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Utracki, L. A. (1989) Polymer Alloys and Blends, Hanser Verlag, Munich; BCC 1997

    Google Scholar 

  2. Leidner, J. (1981)PLASTIC WASTE, Recovery of Economic Value,Marcel Dekker, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Utracki, L. A. (ed) (1994) Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Commercial Polymer Blends, ChemTec Pub., Toronto; Utracki, L. A. (1997) Commercial Polymer Blends, Chapman and Hall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Huckestein, B. (1995) “Plastics recycling — today and the future,” Proceedings Polymer Processing Society European Meeting, Stuttgart, Germany, Sep. 26–28.

    Google Scholar 

  5. 5. PLASTIC WASTES — Disposal and Recycling, Past, Present and Future in Japan,Plastic Waste Management Institute, Tokyo (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Herbst, H. Hoffmann, K., Pfaendner, R., and Sitek. F. (1995) “Quality improvement of recycled plastic s through additive (stabilizers),” National Seminar on Emerging Trends in Plastic Recycling Technologies and Waste Management,Goa, India, 1995.05.27–28.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Zweifel, H. (1997) “Recycling of Polymers for Reuse, Recovery Experiences, Trends and Case Studies,” NATO-ASI on Polymer Recycling, Antalia, Turkey.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Pauquet, J.-R. Sitek, F., and Todesco, R., U.S. Pat.,5,298,540 29 Mar 1994, Appl. 25 Mar 1993, Appl. 27 Mar 1991, to Ciba-Geigy Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Visioli, D. L., and Brodie, III V., U.S. Pat.,5,350,788 27 Sep 1994, Appl. 11 Mar 1993, to du Pont.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ajji, A., and Utracki, L. A. (1996) “Interphase and compatibilization of polymer blends,” Polym. Eng. Sci., 36, 1574–85.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Patfoort, G. A. R., Belg. Pat., 833,543, 18 Mar 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  12. La Mantia, F. P., Marrone, M. and Dubrulle D’Orhcel, B. (1996)“Comparison Between Mixed Plastics Recycled with Conventional Machines and with the Newplast Process,” Polym. Recycling,2 3–8.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Dubrulle D’Orhcel, B. (1996)“New Process for Recycling of Mixed Plastics Waste,” in Recycling PVC and Mixed Plastics,ChemTec, Toronto.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Shaw, W. J. D., Can. Pat. Appl.,2,071,707 20 Dec 1993, Appl. 19 June 1992, to University (of Calgary) Technologies International, Incorporated.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Khait, K. (1994) “Novel elastic-deformation grinding process for commingled plastics waste recovery,” SPE Techn. Pap., 40, 1752–58.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Khait, K. (1995) “Recycling of unsorted plastic waste by new solid-state shear extrusion pulverization process,” SPE Techn. Pap., 41, 2066–73.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Khait, K. (1996) Recycling of post-consumer plastic waste via new solid-state shear extrusion pulverization process,“ Proceedings Polymer Processing Society and American Institute of Chemical Engineers joint meeting, Chicago, Nov. 11–14.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Manolis-Sherman, L., Automotive Recycling, Plast. Technol., 1996, March pg. 27; ETP Recycling, Plastics and Rubber Weekly, 1996, Feb., pg. 12.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Grande, J., Modern Plastics International,1996(7) p 26.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lieberman, M., U.S. Pat., 5,424,013, 13 June 1995, Appl. 09 Aug 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Bjoerkengren, C. A. B, and Joensson, E. S., Swed. Pat.,413,031 31 Mar 1980, Appl. 05 Mar 1979, to Aktiebolag Akerlund och Rausing.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Gutowski, W. (1990) in “Controlled Interphases in Composite Materials,” Ishida, H., Ed. Elsevier, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Gusavage, G. G., Hessen, T. A., Hardy, T. R., Schirmer, H. G., and Flye, S. R., U.S. Pat., 5,118,561, June 1992, Appl. 01 Oct 1990; U.S. Pat., 5,330,596, 19 July 1994, Appl. 13 May 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Morrow, D. R., Nosker, T. J., VanNess, K. E., and Renfree, R. W., U.S. Pat.,5,298,214 29 Mar 1994, Appl. 30 Oct 1990, to Rutgers State University.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Su, T.-K., and Lilly, Jr., K. L., U.S. Pat.,5,286,424 15 Feb 1994, Appl. 09 Now 1992, to Mobil Oil.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lai, S.-Y., and Edmondson, M. S., U.S. Pat.,5,408,004 18 Apr 1995, Appl. 17 Aug 1993, to Dow Chem.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lee, S.-T., U.S. Pat.,5,428,093 27 June 1995, Appl. 05 Nov 1993, to Sealed Air Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Okada, A., U.S. Pat.,5,352,727 04 Oct 1994, Appl. 09 Sep 1993, Jap. Appl. 10 Sep 1992, to Idemitsu Kosan.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Angeli, S. R., Canad. Pat.,2,059,914 28 Aug 1992, Appl. 28 Aug 1992, U.S. Appl. 27 Feb 1991, to General Electric Company.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Richards, W. D. and Kelly, J. F., Europ. Pat. Appl.,491,187 24 June 1992; U.S. Pat.,5,324,769 28 June 1994, Appl. 25 Oct 1993, Appl. 12 Mar 1990, Appl. 17 Dec 1990, to General Electric.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Richards, W. D., and Pickett, J. E., U.S. Pat.,5,384,360 24 Jan 1995, Appl. 20 Sep 1993, Appl. 12 Mar 1990, Appl. 17 Dec 1990, to General Electric Company.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Richards, W. D., and White, D. M., Eur. Pat. Appl.,592,144 13 Apr 1994; Jap. Pat.,62 07,049 26 July 1994, Appl. 07 Oct 1992, to General Electric Company.

    Google Scholar 

  33. A Mann for all good reasons,“ (1996) Plast. Rubb. Weekly,Sep. 6, pg. 7.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Holden, G., and Gouw, L. H. Europ. Pat. Appl.,004,685 17 Oct 1979, Appl. 30 Mar 1978, to Shell Intl.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Hofmann, G. H., U.S. Pat.,5,352,735 04 Oct 1994, Appl. 19 Aug 1993, Appl. 23 July 1991, to du Pont.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Tekkanat, B., Faust, H., and McKinney, B. L., Europ. Pat. Appl.,533,304 24 Mar 1993; U.S. Pat.,5,280,066 18 Jan 1994, Appl. 18 Sep 1991, to Johnson Service Company, Globe-Union Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Muschiatti, L. C., and Smillie, B. A., U.S. Pat.,5,391,582 21 Feb 1995, Appl. 19 Mar 1994, to du Pont.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Schut, J. H. (1996) “Organometallic esters enhance PET/PC blends,” Plast. World,1996(12) p. 28.

    Google Scholar 

  39. La Fleur, E. E., Amici, R. M., and Work, W. J., U.S. Pat.,5,189,097 U.S. Pat.,5,322,892 21 June 1994, Appl. 25 Nov 1992, Appl. 07 Dec 1990, Appl. 22 Oct 1991, to Rohm and Haas Company.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Timmermann, R., Dujardin, R. Orth, P., Ostlinning, E., Schulte, H., Dhein, R., and Grigat, E., Europ. Pat. Appl.,583,595 23 Feb 1994; Jap. Pat.,61 92,570 12 July 1994, Appl. 20 July 1992, to Bayer.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Xanthos, M., Dey, S. K., and Sebastian, D. H. (1996) Proceedings Polymer Processing Society and American Institute of Chemical Engineers Joint Meeting, Chicago, Nov. 11–14.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Yoshitake, T., Tasaka, T., and Sato, R., Jap. Pat.,050,254; 050,264 08 May 1978, Appl. 18 Oct 1976, to Kuraray Company, Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Guttag, A, U.S. Pat.,5,120,089 1992, Appl. 28 Feb 1990; U.S. Pat.,5,346,929 13 Sep 1994, Appl. 18 Mar 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Willett, J. L., U.S. Pat.,5,087,650 11 Feb 1992, Appl. 1990, to Fully Comp. Plastics, Incorporated.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Tomka, I. Ger. Offen.,4,116,404 19 Nov 1992, Appl. 18 May 1991; Tomka, I., Meissner, J., and Menard, R., Ger. Offen.,4,134,190 22 Apr 1993, Appl. 16 Oct 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Buehler, F., Schmid, E., and Schultze, H. J. Europ. Pat. Appl.,536,679 14 Apr 1993, Appl. 08 Oct 1991; U.S. Pat.,5,346,936 13 Sep 1994, Appl. 15 June 1992, Ger. Appl. 17 June 1991; Meier, P. Ger. Pat.,4,139,468 03 June 1993, Appl. 29 Nov 1991, to Ems-Inventa Aktiengesellschaft.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Meier, P., Ger. Pat.,4,139,468 03 June 1993, Appl. 29 Nov 1991, to Ems-Inventa Aktiengesellschaft.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Munk, W. G., Ger. Offen.,4,204,083 Al 04 Mar 1993, Appl. 09 Aug 1991, to Nordmann Rassmann GmbH and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Ritter, W., Bergner, R., and Schäfer, M., Ger. Offen.,4,121,111 Al 07 Jan 1993, Appl., 26 June 1991, to Henkel K.-G.a.A.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Vaidya, U. R., and Bhattacharya, M, U.S. Pat.,5,321,064 14 June 1994, Appl. 12 May 1992, to Regents of the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Chapman, G. M., and Downie, R. H, U.S. Pat.,5,352,716 04 Oct 1994, Appl. 16 Dec 1992, to Ecostar International, L. P.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Dehennau, C., Depireux, T., and Claeys, I., Europ. Pat. Appl.,587,216 16 Mar 1994; Jap. Pat.,62 07,046 26 July 1994, Appl. 01 Sep 1992, to Solvay et Cie.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Hsu, H.-W., Liuo, S.-C., Jiang, S.-F., Chen, J.-H., Lin, H.-M., Hwu, H.-D., Chen, M.-L., Lee, M.-S., and Hu, T., U.S. Pat.,5,308,897 14 Jan 1994, Appl. 03 May 1993, to Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Guillet, J. E. (1973) “Polymers with controlled lifetimes,” in: Polymer Science and Technology, Guillet, J. E., Ed., Vol. 3, 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Lenz, R. W. (1993) “Biodegradable polymers,” Adv. Polym. Sci.,107 1–40.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Holmes, P. A., Newton, A. B., and Willmouth, F. M., Europ. Pat. Appl.,052,460 26 May 1982, Appl. 18 Nov 1980, to Imperial Chemical Industries, Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Webb, A., Carlson, A. W., and Galvin, T. J., PCT Int. Appl.,001,733 06 Feb 1992, Appl. 1990, to ICI Americas, Incorporated.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Kharas, G. B., and Nemphos, S. P., Europ. Pat. Appl,515,203 25 Nov 1992, Appl. 24 May 1991, to Novacor Chemicals.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Ballard, D. G. H., and Buckmann, A. J. P. PCT Int. Appl.,93 17,064 02 Sep 1993, Appl. 28 Feb 1992, to Zeneca Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Petcavich, R. J., U.S. Pat., 5,367,003, 22 Nov 1994, Appl. 18 June 1992, 23 Apr 1991.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council Canada, 75 de Mortagne, Boucherville, QC, Canada, J4B 6Y4

    L. A. Utracki

Authors
  1. L. A. Utracki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Chem. and Polymer Sci .& Technology, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, Turkey

    GĂĽneri Akovali (Director, lecturer) (Director, lecturer)

  2. Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, 4800, Guimares, Portugal

    Carlos A. Bernardo (Co-Director, lecturer) (Co-Director, lecturer)

  3. Polymer Tech., Ortec Corp., 2395 Speakman Drive, L5K 1B3, Missisagua, Ontario, Canada

    Jacob Leidner (lecturer) (lecturer)

  4. Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council of Canada (NRCC), 75 de Mortagne, J4B 6Y4, Boucherville, Quebec, Canada

    Leszek A. Utracki (lecturer) (lecturer)

  5. Polymer Processing Institute at Stevens Institute of Technology, Castle Point on Hudson, 07030, Hoboken, NJ, USA

    Marino Xanthos (lecturer) (lecturer)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Utracki, L.A. (1998). Reprocessing of Commingled Polymers and Recycling of Polymer Blends. In: Akovali, G., Bernardo, C.A., Leidner, J., Utracki, L.A., Xanthos, M. (eds) Frontiers in the Science and Technology of Polymer Recycling. NATO ASI Series, vol 351. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1626-0_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1626-0_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5074-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-1626-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation