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Frankia Symbiosis pp 139–153Cite as

Ammonium assimilation in root nodules of actinorhizal Discaria trinervis. Regulation of enzyme activities and protein levels by the availability of macronutrients (N, P and C)

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Part of the book series: Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences ((DPSS,volume 100))

Abstract

Asparagine was found to be the main N compound exported from Discaria trinervis nodules. Aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), alanine (Ala) and serine (Ser) were also detected in root xylem sap, but at lower concentrations. A comparable picture is found in nodulated alfalfa. We hypothesized that a similar set of enzymes for Asn synthesis was present in D. trinervis nodules. We demonstrate the expression of most of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of Asn from NH +4 and oxoacids, in nodules — but not in roots — of fully symbiotic D. trinervis. By complementation of enzyme assays (A) and immunodetection (I) we detected glutamane-synthetase (GSA.I), Asp-aminotransferase (AATA), malate-dehydrogenase (MDHA.I, at least two isoforms), Glu-dehydrogenase (GDHA), Glu-synthase (GOGATI) and Asn-synthetase (ASI). PEP-carboxylase (PEPC) activity was not detected. We previously shown that N acts as a negative regulator of nodulation and nodule growth, while P is a strong stimulator for nodule growth. We present data on the regulation of nodule N metabolism by altering, during 4 weeks, the availability of N, P and light in symbiotic D. trinervis. NH4NO3 (2 mM) induced inactivation and degradation of nodule GS, MDH and AS, but activation of GDH and AAT; the amount of nitrogenase components was not affected. A 10-fold increase in P supply did not greatly affect activity and amount of enzymes, suggesting that N metabolism is not P-limited in nodules. On the other hand, suppression of P supply induced an important reduction of nodule GS, GOGAT, MDH and AS protein levels, although nitrogenase was not affected. GDH was the only measured activity that was stimulated by limiting P supply. Shading plants did result in complete degradation of nitrogenase and partial degradation of GS, AS and nodule-specific MDH isoform, but GDH and AAT were activated. These results are discussed in connection with the regulation of nodulation and nodule growth in D. trinervis.

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Abbreviations

GS:

glutamine synthetase

GDH:

NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase

GOGAT:

glutamate synthase

AAT:

aspartate aminotransferase

AS:

asparagine synthetase

MDH:

malate dehydrogenase

PEPC:

phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

SS:

sucrose synthase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Investigación sobre Interacciones Biológicas, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Sáenz Peña 180, Bernal, B1876BXD, Argentina

    Claudio Valverde & Luis Gabriel Wall

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  1. Claudio Valverde
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  2. Luis Gabriel Wall
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Correspondence to Claudio Valverde .

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P. Normand J. O. Dawson K. Pawlowski

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Valverde, C., Wall, L.G. (2003). Ammonium assimilation in root nodules of actinorhizal Discaria trinervis. Regulation of enzyme activities and protein levels by the availability of macronutrients (N, P and C). In: Normand, P., Dawson, J.O., Pawlowski, K. (eds) Frankia Symbiosis. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 100. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1601-7_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1601-7_16

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