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Crazing

  • Chapter
Fracture Behaviour of Polymers

Abstract

A craze is initiated when an applied tensile stress causes microvoids to nucleate at points of high stress concentrations in the polymer created by scratches, flaws, cracks, dust particles, molecular heterogeneities, etc. The microvoids develop in a plane perpendicular to the maximum principal stress but do not coalesce to form a true crack since they become stabilised by fibrils of plastically deformed, oriented polymeric material spanning the craze. The resulting localised yielded region therefore consists of an interpenetrating system of voids and polymer fibrils and is known as a craze. Unlike a crack, it is capable of transmitting loads across its faces. However, when cracks do initiate and grow they do so by means of the breakdown of the fibrillar structure in a craze. This typically results in slow cavity expansion followed by crack extension through the craze, and finally crack propagation preceded by a craze or crazes at the crack tip through the remainder of the material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College of Science and Technology, University of London, Exhibition Road, London, UK

    A. J. Kinloch

  2. Department of Materials, Queen Mary College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, UK

    R. J. Young

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  1. A. J. Kinloch
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  2. R. J. Young
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© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Kinloch, A.J., Young, R.J. (1995). Crazing. In: Fracture Behaviour of Polymers. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1594-2_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1594-2_5

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