Synopsis
DNA samples were obtained from six charr species: Salvelinus alpinus, S. malma, S. confluentus, S. leucomaenis, S. namaycush and S. fontinalis and two outgroups: Salmo salar and S. trutta. The C and D introns from the duplicate growth hormone loci (GH1 and GH2) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from each of the species. Phylogenetic analyses with and without gaps were performed using the beta version of PAUP. The GH introns are evolving relatively slowly, so the data were combined with sequences from the ITS1 and ITS2 for a phylogenetic analysis of the charr species. The GH intron data and the combined data supported two groups of sister species among charrs: S. alpinus and S. malma, and S. confluentus and S. leucomaenis.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References cited
Allendorf, F.W. and G.H. Thorgaard. 1984. Tetraploidy and the evolution of salmonid fishes. pp. 1–53. In: B.J. Turner (ed.) Evolutionary Genetics of Fishes, Plenum Press, New York.
Baxter, J.S., E.B. Taylor, R.H. Devlin, J. Hagen and I.D. McPhail, 1997. Evidence for natural hybridization between Dolly Varden (Salvelinus rnalma) and bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in a northcentral British Columbia watershed. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 54: 421–429.
Behnke, R.J. 1980. A systematic review of the genus Salvelinus. pp. 441–481. In: E.K. Balon (ed.) Charrs, Salmonid Fishes of the Genus Salvelinus, Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague.
Behnke, R.J. 1984. Organizing the diversity of the Arctic charr complex. pp. 3–22. In: L. Johnson and B.L. Burns (ed.) Biology of the Arctic Charr, University of Manitoba Press, Winnipeg.
Behnke, R.J. 1989. Interpreting the phylogeny of Salvelinus. pp. 35–48. In: H. Kawanabe, F. Yamazaki and D.L.G. Noakes (ed.) Behnke, R.J. 1, Kyoto.
Bematchez, L., H. Glemet, C.C. Wilson and R.G. Danzmann. 1995. Introgression and fixation of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) mitochondrial genome in an allopatric population of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 52: 179–185.
Cavender, T.M. 1980. Systematics of Salvelinus from the North Pacific Basin. pp. 295–322. In: E.K. Balon (ed.) Chairs, Salmonid Fishes of the Genus Salvelinus, Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague.
Cavender, T.M. 1984. Cytotaxonomy of North American Salvelinus. pp. 431–445. In: L. Johnson and B.L. Burns (ed.) Biology of the Arctic Charr, University of Manitoba Press, Winnipeg.
Cavender, T.M. and S. Kimura. 1989. Cytotaxonomy and interrelationships of Pacific basin Salvelinus. pp. 49–68. In: H. Kawanabe, F. Yamazaki and D.L.G. Noakes (ed.) Cavender, T.M. and S. Kimura. 1, Kyoto.
Crane, RA., L.W. Seeb and J.E. Seeb. 1994. Genetic realtionships among Salvelinus species inferred from allozyme data. Can. J. Fish, Aquat. Sci. 51 (Suppl. 1): 182–197.
Devlin, R.H. 1993. Sequence of sockeye type 1 and type 2 growth hormone genes and the relationships of rainbow trout with Atlantic and Pacific salmon. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 1738–1748.
Felsenstein, J. 1985. Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39: 783–791.
Johansen, B., O.C. Johnsen and S. Valk. 1989. The complete nucleotide sequence of the growth-hormone gene from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Gene (Amsterdam) 77: 317–324.
McKay, S.J., R.H. Devlin and M.J. Smith. 1996. Phylogeny of Pacific salmon and trout based on growth hormone type-2 (GH2) and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (ND3) DNA sequences. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53: 1165–1176.
Oakley, T.H. and R.B. Phillips. 1999. Phylogeny of salmonine fish based on growth hormone nitrons: Atlantic (Salmo) and Pacific (Oncorhynchus) salmon are not sister taxa. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 11: 381–393.
Phillips, R.B., S.A. Manley and T.J. Daniels. 1994. Systematics of the salmonid genus Salvelinus inferred from ribosomal DNA sequences. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 51 (Suppl. 1): 198–204.
Phillips, R.B. and T.H. Oakley. 1997. Evolutionary relationships among salmonid fishes inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. pp. 145–162. In: T. Kocher and C. Stepien (ed.) Molecular Systematics of Fishes, Academic Press, San Diego.
Phillips, R.B., K.A. Pleyte and P.E. Ihssen. 1989a. Patterns of chromosomal nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) variation in fishes of the genus Salvelinus. Copeia 1989: 47–53.
Phillips, R.B., L.M. Van Ert and K.A. Pleyte. 1989b. Evolution of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and rDNA in fishes of the genus Salvelinus. pp. 429–447. In: H. Kawanabe, F. Yamazaki and D.L.G. Noakes (ed.) Phillips, R.B., L.M. Van Ert and K.A. Pleyte. 1, Kyoto.
Pleyte, K.A., S.D. Duncan and R.B. Phillips. 1992. Evolutionary relationships of the salmonid genus Salvelinus inferred from DNA sequences of the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS 1) of ribosomal DNA. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 1: 223–230.
Stearley, R.F. 1992. Historical ecology of the Salmoninae, with special reference to Oncorhynchus. pp. 622–658. In: R.L. Mayden (ed.) Systematics, Historical Ecology, and North American Freshwater Fishes, Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Wilson, C.C. and P.D.N. Hebert. 1993. Natural hybridization between Arctic chair (Salvelinus alpinus) and lake trout (S. namaycush) in the Canadian Arctic. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 50: 2652–2658.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Westrich, K.M., Konkol, N.R., Matsuoka, M.P., Phillips, R.B. (2002). Interspecific relationships among charrs based on phylogenetic analysis of nuclear growth hormone intron sequences. In: Magnan, P., Audet, C., Glémet, H., Legault, M., Rodríguez, M.A., Taylor, E.B. (eds) Ecology, behaviour and conservation of the charrs, genus Salvelinus . Developments in environmental biology of fishes, vol 22. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1352-8_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1352-8_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6088-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-1352-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive