Abstract
The tools and techniques discussed in earlier chapters are normally used to drill directional wells whose maximum inclination is about 60°. Highly deviated wells may be described as those wells whose inclination exceeds 60° for most of their length. It is possible to extend directional drilling techniques to increase the inclination to 60–90°, although alterations may have to be made to drilling practices. Modifications to standard rig equipment may also be necessary to drill these high-angled wells successfully. A horizontal well may be defined as a well which is drilled to an inclination of 90°, and maintains this inclination for a significant distance. Owing to the need for special equipment and the longer drilling times that must be expected, horizontal wells are considerably more expensive than conventional deviated wells.
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Further Reading
“Mud and cement for horizontal wells’, C. Zurdo, C. Georges and M. Martin, S.P.E. paper no. 15464.
“Horizontal drilling techniques at Prudhoe Bay, Alaska”, J. P. Wilkerson, J. H. Smith, T. O. Stagg and D. A. Walters, S.P.E. paper no. 15372.
“Esso Resources horizontal hole project at Cold Lake”, G. E. Bezaire and I. A. Markiw, 30th Annual Technical Meeting, Petroleum Society of CIM, Banff, May 1979.
“The use of horizontal drainholes in the Empire Abo unit”, R. L. Stramp, S.P.E. paper no. 9221.
“Drainhole drilling”, D. R. Holbert, Oil and Gas Journal,9, 16 February 1981. ”The reservoir engineering aspects of horizontal drilling“, F. M. Giger, L. H. Reiss and A. P. Jourdan, S.P.E. paper no. 13024.
“Problems associated with deviated wellbore cementing”, S. R. Keller, R. J. Crook, R. C. Hant and D. S. Kulakofsky, S.P.E. paper no. 11979. “Directional drilling technology will extend drilling reach”, T. B. Dellinger, W. Gracely and G. C. Tolle, Oil and Gas Journal,15 September 1980.
“In situ recovery from the Athabasca oil sands—past experience and future potential”, D. A. Redford, Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, May—June 1985.
“Beckingham 36—horizontal well”, P. Hardman, S.P.E. paper no. 15895.
“Torque and Drag in Directional Wells — Prediction and Measurement”, Johansaik C. A., Freisen D. B., Dawson R., S.P.E. paper no. 11380 (1983).
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“Drilling the Coldlake Horizontal Well Pilot No. 2, R. R. MacDonald, S.P.E. Drilling Engineering, September 1987.
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© 1987 T. A. Inglis
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Inglis, T.A. (1987). Highly Deviated and Horizontal Wells. In: Directional Drilling. Petroleum Engineering and Development Studies, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1270-5_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1270-5_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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