Skip to main content

Problems in reservoir trophic-state classification and implications for reservoir management

  • Chapter
Comparative Reservoir Limnology and Water Quality Management

Part of the book series: Developments in Hydrobiology ((DIHY,volume 77))

Abstract

Trophic-state classification methods developed for natural lakes are applied routinely to impoundments for management purposes. However, the trophic-state classification of a reservoir can often depend more on the variable selected for the basis of the classification or on the classification method used, than on the ‘true’ trophic status of the impoundment. Additionally, the application of common trophic-state classification schemes to reservoir ecosystems is often inappropriate because of features common to river impoundments that are usually not present in natural lakes. While reservoir limnologists may be aware that reservoir trophic-state classification is problematic, water-resources managers are not, and consequently, many reservoirs may be ineffectively or inappropriately managed.

Operated by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC05-84OR21400 with the US Department of Energy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Brook, A. J. & W. B. Woodward, 1956. Some observations on the effect of water inflow and outflow on the plankton of small lakes. J. Animal Ecol. 25: 22–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, R. E., 1977. A trophic state index for lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22: 361–369.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapra, S. C., 1980. Application of phosphorus loading models to river–run lakes and other incompletely mixed systems. In: Restoration of Lakes and Inland Water. EPA 440/5–81–010. US Environ. Prot. Agency, Washington, D.C.: 329 – 334.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cox, J., 1984. Evaluating reservoir trophic status: the TVA approach. Lake Reserv. Manage. 2: 11–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickman, M., 1969. Some effects of lake renewal on phytoplankton productivity and species composition. Limnol. Oceanogr. 14: 660–666.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elser, J. J. & B. L. Kimmel, 1985. Nutrient availability for phytoplankton production in a multiple-impoundment series, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42: 1359–1370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gloss, S. P., R. C. Reynolds, L. M. Mayer & D. E. Kidd, 1981. Reservoir influences on salinity and nutrient fluxes in the arid Colorado River Basin. In: H. G. Stefan (ed.), Proc. Symp. Surface Water Impoundments. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., New York, NY: 1618–1629.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groeger, A. & B. Kimmel, 1984. Organic matter supply and processing in lakes and reservoirs. Lake Reserv. Manage. 2: 282–285.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hannan, H. H., D. Barrows & D. C. Whitenberg, 1981. The trophic status of a deep-storage reservoir in Central Texas. In: H. G. Stefan (ed.), Proc. Symp. Surface Water Impoundments. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., New York, NY: 425–434.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hem, S. C., V. W. Lambou, L. R. Williams & W. D. Taylor, 1981. Modifications of Models Predicting Trophic State of Lakes: Adjustment of models to account for biological manifestations of nutrients. Project Summary, EPA–600/S3–81–001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Järnefelt, H., 1952. Plankton als indikator der Trophiegruppen der Seen. Suomal. Tiedeakat. Toim. (Annls Acad. Sci. Fenn.), ser A. IV Biol. 181: 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, R. H., K. W. Thornton & R. C. Gunkel, 1982. The establishment of water quality gradients in reservoirs. Can. Water Res. J. 7: 71–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kimmel, B. L. & A. W. Groeger, 1984. Factors controlling primary production in lakes and reservoirs: A perspective. Lake Reserv. Manage. 2: 277–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kimmel, B. L., O. T. Lind & L. J. Paulson, 1990. Reservoir primary production. In: K. W. Thornton, B. L. Kimmel & F. E. Payne (eds.), Reservoir Limnology: An Ecological Continuum. John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY: 133–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lind, O. T., 1979. Reservoir Eutrophication: Factors Governing Primary Production. Proj. Completion Report. Office Water Resources Tech. No. B-210-TEX.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lind, O. T., 1984. Phytoplankton population patterns and trophic state relationships in an elongate reservoir. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 22: 1465–1469.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowe, R. L., 1974. Environmental requirements and pollution tolerance of freshwater diatoms. National Environmental Research Center, Office of Research and Development, USEPA, Cincinnati, Ohio.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marzolf, G. R., 1984. Reservoirs in the Great Plains of North America. In: F. B. Taub (ed.), Lake and Reservoir Ecosystems. Elsevier Sci. Publ., Amsterdam: 291–302.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nigro, A. A., T. T. Terrell, L. G. Beckman & W. R. Persons, 1983. Assessment of the limnology and fisheries in Lake F.D. Roosevelt. 1982 Annual Report. US Bureau of Reclamation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nygaard, G., 1949. Hydrobiological Studies of Some Danish Ponds and Lakes II. [K. danske Vidensk. Selsk] Biol. Skr. 7, 293 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD, 1982. Eutrophication of Waters-Monitoring, Assessment, and Control. Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paulson, L. J. & J. R. Baker, 1981. Nutrient interactions among reservoirs on the Colorado River. In: H. G. Stefan (ed.), Proc. Symposium on Surface Water Impoundments. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., New York, NY: 1647–1658.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickett, J. R. & R. M. Harvey, 1988. Water quality gradients in the Santee-Cooper Lakes, South Carolina. Lake Reserv. Manage. 4: 11–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Placke, J. F., 1983. Trophic status evaluation of TVA Reservoirs. Tennessee Valley Authority, Division of Air and Water Resources, Chattanooga, TN, 163 p.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pridmore, R. D. & G. B. McBride, 1984. Prediction of chlorophyll-a in impoundments of short hydraulic retention time. J. Environ. Manage. 19: 343–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Priscu, J. C., J. Verduin & J. E. Deacon, 1982. Primary productivity and nutrient balance in a lower Colorado River reservoir. Arch. Hydrobiol. 94: 1–23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto, M., 1966a. The chlorophyll amount in the eutrophic zone in some Japanese lakes and its significance in the photosynthetic production of phytoplankton communities. Bot. Mag. ( Tokyo ) 79: 932–933.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakamoto, M., 1966b. Primary production by phytoplankton community in some Japanese lakes and its dependence on lake depth. Arch. Hydrobiol. 62: 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siler, J. R., M. C. McInerny & W. J. Foris, 1986. Heterogeneity in fish parameters within a reservoir. In: G. E. Hall & M. I. Van den Auyle (eds.), Reservoir Fisheries Management: Strategies for the 80’s. Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas: 122–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soballe, D. M. & B. L. Kimmel, 1987. A large-scale comparison of factors influencing phytoplankton abundance in rivers, lakes, and impoundments. Ecol. 68: 1943–1954.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soballe, D. M. & S. T. Threlkeld, 1985. Advection, phytoplankton biomass, and nutrient transformations in a rapidly flushed impoundment. Arch. Hydrobiol. 105: 187–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonzogni, W. C., S. C. Chapra, D. E. Armstrong & T. J. Logan, 1982. Bioavailability of phosphorus inputs to lakes. J. Environ. Qual. 11: 555–563.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stockner, J. G., 1971. Preliminary characterization of lakes in the experimental lakes area, northwestern Ontario, using diatom occurrences in sediments. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 28: 265–275.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tailing, J. F., 1961. Photosynthesis under natural conditions. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 12: 133–154.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tailing, J. F., & J. Rzoska, 1967. The development of plankton in relation to hydrological regime in the Blue Nile. J. Ecol. 55: 637–662.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Texas Department of Water Resources. The State of Texas Water Quality Inventory, 17th ed. Texas Department of Water Resources, Austin. (In Press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornton, K. W., R. H. Kennedy, A. D. Magoun & G. E. Saul, 1982. Reservoir water quality sampling design. Water Res. Bull. 18: 471–48.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thornton, K. W., R. H. Kennedy, J. H. Carroll, W. W. Walker, T. C. Gunkel & S. Ashby, 1981. Reservoir sedimentation and water quality — an heuristic model. In: G. H. Stefan (ed.), Proc. Symp. on Surface Water Impoundments. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., New York, NY: 654–661.

    Google Scholar 

  • USEPA, 1974. An Approach to a Relative Trophic Index System for Classifying Lakes and Reservoirs. US Environmental Protection Agency, National Eutrophication Survey Working Paper No. 22.

    Google Scholar 

  • USEPA, 1975. A Compendium of Lake and Reservoir Data Collected by the National Eutrophication Survey in the Northeast and North-Central United States. US Environmental Protection Agency, National Eutrophication Survey Working Paper No. 474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vollenweider, R. A., 1968. Scientific fundamentals of the eutrophication of lakes and flowing waters, with particular reference to phosphorus and nitrogen as factors in eutrophication. Tech. Rep. OECD Paris, DAS/CSI/58–27: 1–159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vollenweider, R. A., 1976. Advances in defining critical loading levels for phosphorus in lake eutrophication. Mem. Ist. Ital. Idrobiol. 33: 53–83.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, W., 1984. Empirical prediction of chlorophyll in reservoirs. In: Lake and Reservoir Management. Proc. 3rd Annual Conf., North Amer. Lake Mgt. Soc., EPA-440/5/84–001: 292–297.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wetzel, R. G., 1975. Limnology. Saunders. Co., Philadelphia, 744 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wunderlich, W. O., 1971. The dynamics of density-stratified reservoirs. In: G. E. Hall (ed.), Reservoir Fisheries and Limnology. Am. Fish. Soc., Washington, D. C.: 219–231.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

M. Straškraba J. G. Tundisi A. Duncan

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lind, O.T., Terrell, T.T., Kimmel, B.L. (1993). Problems in reservoir trophic-state classification and implications for reservoir management. In: Straškraba, M., Tundisi, J.G., Duncan, A. (eds) Comparative Reservoir Limnology and Water Quality Management. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 77. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1096-1_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1096-1_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-4191-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-1096-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics