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Carbon, Sulfur and Nitrogen Biogeochemistry of Tropical Mangrove Sediments

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Coastal Zone Management Imperative for Maritime Developing Nations

Part of the book series: Coastal Systems and Continental Margins ((CSCM,volume 3))

Abstract

In the tropics coastal zone management often involves considerable effort to sustain and manage mangrove forests. Mangroves are among the most widespread and productive intertidal ecosystems in the world, covering up to 75 % of tropical coastlines. These ecosystems are also economically extremely valuable and are under increasing threat of being wiped out by rapid human encroachment and environmental pollution. Thus, an understanding of these ecosystems is vital to their survival. This review summarizes the current knowledge of biological processes related to carbon, nitrogen and sulfur dynamics in sediments of tropical mangrove forests, with special emphasis on high salinity fringe and basin forests dominated by Rhizophora spp. Several excellent reviews on community structure and dynamics in mangrove forests have been published recently (e.g., Alongi 1989a; Alongi et al., 1992; Robertson et al., 1992). Here results from studies on sources of organic input to sediments (e.g. litter fall and benthic primary production) with data on benthic carbon and nitrogen sinks; mineralization by aerobic (including crabs) and anaerobic (e.g. fermentation and sulfate reduction) pathways are emphasized. Aspects of sulfur cycling in relation to sulfate reduction and redox conditions in the sediment, and the role of nitrogen fixation, nitrification and denitrification for nitrogen dynamics in the sediment are also be evaluated. Budgets of carbon and nitrogen in the mid-intertidal zone of a standard tropical Rhizophora mangrove forest are also considered.

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Authors
  1. Erik Kristensen
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  1. Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    Bilal U. Haq

  2. Paris, France

    Syed M. Haq  & Gunnar Kullenberg  & 

  3. The Hague, The Netherlands

    Jan H. Stel

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Kristensen, E. (1997). Carbon, Sulfur and Nitrogen Biogeochemistry of Tropical Mangrove Sediments. In: Haq, B.U., Haq, S.M., Kullenberg, G., Stel, J.H. (eds) Coastal Zone Management Imperative for Maritime Developing Nations. Coastal Systems and Continental Margins, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1066-4_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1066-4_12

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