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CAA in Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease

What Can We Learn from APP Transgenic Mouse Models?

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Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders

Abstract

The development of mouse lines with high level expression of mutant β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) trangenes has afforded researchers convenient animal models with CNS β-amyloidosis. Two well-characterized lines bearing neuronally expressed human APP with “Swedish” double mutations with dramatically increased production of Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42, develop significant neuritic plaque and vascular amyloidosis. Other transgenics with the “ London” APP mutant transgene, which results in an increased percentage of APP processed to Aβ1–42 but not Aβ1–40, show very high levels of primarily plaque amyloid suggesting that the site of deposition depends on the relative levels of the different Aβ species. The roles of transforming growth factor β1 and apolipoprotein E in both CAA and plaque amyloid deposition are also being addressed in transgenic mouse models. From a review of the literature on amyloidosis in transgenic mice, we develop several hypotheses about how Aβ accumulates in CAA and discuss possible applications of APP transgenics to research on the prevention and treatment of CAA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine and Neurology, UCLA and Sepulveda VAMC, GRECCIIE, North Hills, CA, USA

    Greg M. Cole & Fusheng Yang

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  1. Departments of Neurology and Pathology, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Marcel M. Verbeek

  2. Department of Pathology, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Robert M. W. de Waal

  3. UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Harry V. Vinters

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Cole, G.M., Yang, F. (2000). CAA in Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease. In: Verbeek, M.M., de Waal, R.M.W., Vinters, H.V. (eds) Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1007-7_18

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1007-7_18

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